Sash window design: Types of sash window | Sash Window Specialist Article

Types of sash window | Sash Window Specialist Article

Sash Styles | Types Of Sash Window

The counterbalanced vertically sliding wooden sash window started to take shape in 1670’s London, at about the same time as rapid improvements in glass quality were happening. By the turn of that century the double-hung sliding sash was introduced, although it was not widely adopted until the mid eighteenth century. From that period onward the double hung sash remained popular, being adapted to suit varying architectural styles.

Universal Designs For Pairs Of Sashes

Most sash window designs have no formal name so the manufacturers generally only numbered each design, although localised ‘nick-names’ were not uncommon. The design variations are endless …

Describing sliding sash windows

Wooden sash windows are usually described by the number of glazing panes per sash. 6 over 1 would have 6 smaller panes of glass in the top sash and 1 larger pane in the bottom alternatively this could be described as a 7 light window.

Basic Glazing Configurations

1 over 1 Sash Window2 over 2 vertical configuration2 over 2 Horizontal Glazing Pattern3 over 34 over 1 Queen Ann

Georgian Sash Windows

The Georgian era includes the rein of George I, George II, George III, and George IV—who reigned in continuous succession from August 1714 to June 1830. Windows in the Georgian era were almost exclusively sash-windows, consisting of multiple smaller panes of glass divided by wooden glazing bars (muntins). Early Georgian windows had thick oak glazing bars, upto 38mm thick, but later thin delicate bars carved from ‘Deal’ (Baltic Pines) were as thin as 12mm. The narrow glazing bars allowed for larger window sashes with a less interrupted view.

Sash horns are not normal for Georgian era windows, both the top and bottom sashes should be squared off. Horns were not required because the lattice of glazing bars disperses the glass weight to be carried by the sash rails.
On Georgian box sash windows the sash pocket is usually set in the middle of the pulley stile with a central groove for the parting bead, alternatively it may be located internally hidden behind wooden shutters.

Crown Glass

In Georgian Britain, glass production was still limited to small panes of handmade crown glass, made by spinning hot glass on a punty rod. Crown glass was very expensive due to heavy government taxation, that was calculated by weight, encouraging very thin glazing to be used.

See our article about window glass for more information.

12 over 129 over 9 sashes8 over 812 over 8

Victorian Sash Windows

The group of styles collectively referred to as Victorian architecture is a series of architectural revival styles adopted during the rein of Queen Victoria, from 1837 to 1901.

Victorian Gothic revival sash windows incorporated curved horns, arched heads, intricate mouldings, lead-lights and latticework to adorned the sashes. Windows were often grouped into impressive bays, offset with ornate stone reveals.

Queen Anne revival homes were embellished with bay windows and oriels. Bottom window sashes had only a single pane of glass with the upper sash being multi-paned in a six over one configuration. More elaborate windows featured sashes with stained glass in the upper portion.

Late Victorian windows were simpler, typically with either single panes or two over two vertical split glazing pattern. Square or canted bay sash windows with stone sills became a common feature.

As well as building housing stock the Victorians also constructed many of the civic heritage buildings that remain today; Schools, libraries, museums, churches, shopping arcades and town halls often feature the finest examples of Victorian craftsmanship and design in their sash windows.

Larger panes of glass removed the necessity for many glazing bars but the meeting rail of the top sash needed to be reinforced, with the addition of sash horns, to carry the additional glass weight.
The sash pocket was no longer located in the middle of the pulley style, instead it was hidden behind the lower sash and held in place by the parting bead sitting in a rebate along one edge of the pocket.

Victorian Window Glass

Larger and thicker sheets of window glass were developed by the Victorians using the cylinder method. A large cylinder of glass was mouth blown, split open and then flattened out. Once the heavy taxation of glass was repealed, in the middle of the century, cylinder glass soon displaced crown glass production.

See our article about window glass for more information.

As well as revolutionising the ‘white’ or clear window glass industry the Victorians also introduced many types of decorative glass processes.

See our articles about Victorian Etched Glass Patterns and Figured Rolled Textured Glass for more information.

Shaped Top Sash

Segmental Arched HeadCircular / Round Head SashGothic Arch Head

Bent / Bow Faced Timber Sash Windows.

A true bow faced window is constructed with segmental sashes, that are bow-shaped on plan, fitted with glass that has been bent by heating a flat sheet until it slumps’ into a curved mould. A cheaper version uses the same bowed segmental sashes but the rebates are set to accept flat glass sheets.

A similar effect was also created using flat sashes and flat glass with the frame bowed.

Curved Sash Window – with flat glass panes.Curved / bent glassBowed Sash Window – Flat Glass, flat frames.

Marginal Glazing Bars

Margin light windows have a larger central pane flanked by narrow glass panes that enhance the variety and elegance of fenestration. The marginal panes were generally set at 4 inches and often incorporated coloured enamelled glass as a feature. First introduces circa 1828 marginal patterns remained popular, in various forms, until the end of the 19th century.

Castellated Pattern

Venetian windows

Tripartite windows comprise a large central light flanked by two smaller lights, a form that can be traced back to Roman architecture. As this style became especially popular in Venice during the mid sixteenth century they are now commonly known as Venetian windows. Wooden Venetian windows may feature stone, brick or timber-framed construction.

Venetian Window Variations

Eighteenth Century Palladian windows are stepped tripartite windows with a taller arched central light. Also known as Gable windows, Serliana or Serlian Motif.

Medieval triptych windows have three pointed lights joined up in series. The lights may be of equal size or the centre light may be taller, similar to the Palladian window.

Venetian Wooden Sash Window – with narrow mullions.

The sash cords in this style of Venetian window pass above the sidelights to reach the weight boxes on either side of the frame. The side sashes are fixed in place and must be removed in order to replace the sash cords.

Venetian windows with wide timber mullions (triple box sash) or masonry framing are treated as three individual windows.

Marginal Bars – Narrow MullionVictorian – Narrow MullionPalladinGeorgian – Narrow MullionVenetian – Masonry FramedVenetian – Masonry Framed with Motif

Bay Windows

A bay or bow window protrudes beyond the straight brick-line of a building, increasing the natural light, views and the living space of a room. Bay windows evolved from the flat tripartite Venetian style and may comprise a group of casement or sliding sash windows. A house with a timber bay or oriel window was most likely built after 1894 when an amendment to the building act decreed that windows no longer need be flush with the exterior wall. The word bay is believed to derive from the French word ‘baee’, which means opening or hole.

Canted bay windows (splayed bay) are those with a straight front and angled sides that became a particularly popular feature of middle-class Victorian terraced houses.

Square bay windows are rectangular with 90 degrees (square) corners. Commonly seen on Edwardian period property.

Bow Windows are semi-circular or elliptical in plan.

An oriel window is a style of bay window that does not reach to the ground. Instead oriel windows are usually supported by corbels or brackets.

Canted/Splayed Bay Sash Window | Masonry Fame Construction

5 over 1 – Marginal Bars.1 over 1 Bay Window4 over 1 Timber Queen Ann Sash Window6 over 1 – Queen Anne StyleQueen Ann Style. 8 over 11 over 1 arched head bay sash windows

Canted / Splayed Bay Sash Window | Timber Frame Construction

Splayed Bay Sash Window 1 over 1.Georgian Style Bay WindowCastellated Glazing Pattern

Other Types – Timber Sash Windows.

Oriel Angled WindowYorkshire Sash (Horizontal Slide)Dormer Sash WindowTriple hung sash window – usually appear in stairwells.Ornate meeting rails

Multiple Windows.

External Links – Wikipedia

Architectural style [General]

Revivalism architecture

Elizabethan architecture

English Baroque

Georgian architecture

Renaissance architecture

Palladian architecture

Neoclassical architecture

Colonial architecture

Regency architecture

Victorian architecture

Gothic Revival architecture

Renaissance Revival architecture

Queen Anne Revival architecture

Arts and Crafts movement

Italianate architecture

Edwardian architecture

Art Deco

Federation architecture

Edwardian Baroque architecture

Modern architecture

Types of sash windows | Window styles from different architectural periods

Alex Povshednyy

28 Jun

Sash windows come in many different shapes and sizes and there are numerous sash window types and styles that can be found around the UK today. Sash windows history started in France and made its way to England in the late 17th century. They soon became England’s most popular window design, an honour that it held for nearly three centuries.

Sash windows are predominantly found on buildings that were built in the Georgian, Victorian, and Edwardian eras. They are a common feature of listed buildings due to their historical value and because it’s difficult for homeowners to get permission to change them.

Many homeowners of listed properties believe that they’re stuck with centuries-old single-glazed windows because of this, though there are a few double-glazing and sash windows restoration options available for listed buildings that we will look at later in this article.

What is a sash window?

Sash window is based on old-fashioned sliding shutters that were used before glazed windows were a thing. The most notable feature of sash windows is that they slide vertically or horizontally, as opposed to tilt & turn and casement windows that open inwards or outwards.

This internal sliding mechanism makes them compact and ideal for houses in city or town centres as they don’t swing out onto a pathway or road. The opening mechanism is also great for letting plenty of air into a property and it makes for a convenient fire escape if the window is big enough.

Sash windows usually have two sashes (panels) with one sash being fixed in place and the other movable; it is not uncommon for both sashes to be movable, though.

Different sash window styles

Over the many years that sash windows have been popular in the UK, they have had a wide range of design changes. Below are some of the most recognizable and distinct sash window designs:

Georgian sash window styles

Georgian era sash windows are among the oldest type of windows that are still commonly found in the UK. They have many technical and functional issues by today’s standards due to being such an old design, though they have a unique elegance that gives a property a great sense of history and culture.

When sash windows first came to England in the Georgian era, it was only possible to produce small single panes of glass at a time. Because of this, Georgian sash windows traditionally had a ‘6 panes over 6 panes’ design, with numerous glazing bars in place to keep the individual glass panes together.

6 over 68 over 123 over 6 Georgian sashes8 over 8 Georgian sashes3 over 3 GeorgianCurved 6 over 64 over 4 dormer sash window3 over 6 dormer sash window12 over 12 sash window10 over 1510 over 10

Victorian sash window styles

Thanks to advancements in glass manufacturing during the Victorian era, sash windows were able to ditch the ‘6 panes over 6 panes’ design in favour of a ‘two-over-two’ grid design. This allowed for more natural light and heat into a room, thanks to the reduction in glazing bars. To ensure that the sashes were strong enough to hold the heavier glass, Victorian sash windows were fitted with run-through sash horns.

Although run-through sash horns aren’t required in modern windows, many modern designs implement stick-on sash horns- also known as ‘bolt-ons’ – to give the window a historic appearance.

2 over 3 sash window (Centre bar)1 over 1 sash window3 over 31 over 1 curved

Queen Anne sash window styles

Queen Anne sash windows are a form of English Baroque architecture, which was prominent during Queen Anne’s reign from 1702 to 1714.

Sash windows have numerous glazing bars that hold together a multitude of small panes of glass, as it was only possible to manufacture minuscule glass panes at the time. These glass panes are sometimes coloured, making the window stand out and giving it a distinct look.

Coupled style – 2,6,2 over London sashesQueen Ann sash window style

Edwardian sash windows

The Edwardian era only lasted nine years but had a huge influence on British architecture. The UK’s middle-class was keen to flaunt their wealth at the time, so many homeowners wanted windows and doors that stood out. Edwardian sash windows are distinct for offering the best of both worlds from the Georgian and Victorian eras, with an elegant 6-panel sash atop a 2-panel bottom sash.

Although Edwardian sash windows let in less light and sun than Victorian sash windows, they have a unique appearance that was considered glamorous at the time.

Marginal 3 lightMarginal borderMarginal border sash windows with stained glass

Bay sash windows

Bay windows became popular in the aforementioned Edwardian era.

Due to improvements in public transport, suburban neighbourhoods rose in popularity. Housing restrictions in these neighbourhoods weren’t as strict, as most suburban houses at the time were built a fair distance away from roads and paths.

As mentioned before, the middle-class wanted to flaunt their wealth in the Edwardian era and stand out. Thanks to the easing of housing restrictions, Edwardian houses could quite literally stand out with bay windows, a type of window that protrudes outwards, creating a bay on the inside of the property. Because of how wide and far-reaching bay windows are, they let a great deal of natural light and warmth into a property.

Bay window styles

Bay windows protrude out from a property’s walls to make them stand out as an eye-catching feature and create more space inside a room; usually the living room. There are a handful of different bay window styles that are popular in the UK:

Box Bay Windows

Box bay windows live up to their name by having their flanking windows at a 90-degree angle to the central front-facing windows, creating a box-like formation.

Box bay window

Canted Bay Windows

Canted bay windows feature a classic design with angled flanking windows that form a wide, far-reaching bay window. This design lets a ton of natural light and heat into the property and gives those inside the house a great view of the outside.

Canted bay window with three centre bar sash windowsCanted bay window with four half Georgian sash windows

Circle Bay Windows

Circle bay windows – also known as round bay windows – are an aesthetically pleasing style that forms a semi-circle outside of a property’s walls. Like canted bay windows, circle bay windows let a lot of light into the property.

Circle Bay Window with curved half Georgian sashesCircle Bay Windows with curved Georgian sashes

Oriel Windows

Oriel windows are a form of the bay window that was popularized in the UK during the English Renaissance; an era of an artistic movement that lasted between the early 16th century and early 17th century.

Oriel windows are commonly found on the upper floor of a property, unlike other styles of bay windows that are commonly found on the bottom floor. Oriel windows are also defined by how they’re supported by decorative corbels or brackets.

Oriel bay window

Coupled windows

As the name suggests, coupled windows are two windows of equal shapes and sizes that sit closely together to form a pair. They give houses a symmetrical appeal and let plenty of natural light in.

Coupled Georgian sash windowsCoupled style 3

Venetian-style sash windows

Venetian windows are from Palladian architecture – an era of architecture defined by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio (1508-1580).

Veteran windows are tripartite structures that consist of one large window in the centre that is topped with an arch and has two smaller windows flanking it. Pillars usually separate the windows, giving the structure a quintessential Italian Renaissance appeal.

Venetian style – Masonry Framed sash windowsPalladian sash windowGothic arch sash windowPalladian window variant

Window frame types

It’s not just glass and glazing bars that have changed over the years, as window frames have also gone through many adaptations and innovations.

Traditional

timber frames

Timber frames were used in the UK for centuries and are still common today. Wood is a great insulator, so timber frames naturally have good levels of energy efficiency. The main appeal of timber frames is their appearance, as they give a wonderful historic charm to a property, but can also be painted and refined into a more modern style.

The main downside of timber is that it is susceptible to rot, so often needs to be repaired. With the development of the acetylation process durability and rot resistance is improving.

uPVC

Unplasticised Poly Vinyl Chloride was introduced to the UK from Germany in the ’80s and has been hugely popular since. UPVC frames boast high levels of fire resistance, are energy-efficient, and are cost-effective.

UPVC’s main issues are that it isn’t paint-friendly; needs to be cleaned regularly to avoid staining, and is lightweight so can sag over time.

Aluminium

Aluminium frames have a sleek, slimline design that looks appealing and lets more natural light into a property. Aluminium frames are also long-lasting due to how durable they are. However, they are lacking in the energy-efficiency department.

Composite

Composite window frames either consist of a combination of wood and aluminium or wood and vinyl. Composite frames are practical, durable, and highly energy efficient. They are an expensive option, though.

Fibreglass

Fibreglass is naturally a bit dull in appearance, though it can be painted. Fibreglass is a great insulator and is also highly resistant to cracks and other issues that can arise from harsh weather conditions. Like with composite frames, the main drawback of fibreglass is that it’s expensive.

The difference between box sash & spring sash windows

Box sash is the traditional style of sash window. Box sash windows utilize a weight and pulley system that is discretely housed on either side of the window. This system is designed to counterbalance the lower and upper sash to ensure that they open smoothly. The design gives a classic look to the window, although the weight and pulley system will inevitably need to be repaired over time.

Spring sash windows, on the other hand, are a modern alternative that utilizes a spring-loaded mechanism. Spring sash windows tend to last much longer than box sash windows, though they lack the historic charm.

It’s no secret that double-glazing is far superior to single glazing. Double-glazing is considerably more soundproof; it is safer due to how hard it is to break, and it is more energy-efficient – ensuring that the property stays warm and heating bills don’t get too high.

Sash windows from the Georgian, Victorian, and Edwardian eras were designed to be fitted with single glazing, as that was the only type of glass available at the time. As such, some forms of double-glazing aren’t compatible with sash windows, as they are either too thick to fit in or too heavy for the mechanisms to function properly.

Thankfully, an alternative option is available with vacuum double glazing.

What is a dummy sash window?

A dummy sash window has a ‘dummy’ (fake) sash that imitates the appearance of a functioning sash window, purely for decorative purposes. The panes will all be fixed to sit in line, creating an equal sightline that lets in plenty of light and has an aesthetically pleasing symmetry to it.

What is vacuum double glazing and can it be fitted to any type of sash windows?

Vacuum double glazing is a modern form of double glazing that utilizes state-of-the-art FINEO glass. Unlike standard double glazing, which fills the gap between glass panes with gas that will eventually deteriorate, FINEO glass simply removes the air between panes to create a vacuum. This creates an ultra-thin form of double-glazing that can easily slot into sashes from any era and is so discreet that it doesn’t harm a period property’s historic appearance.

Better yet, vacuum double-glazing is comparable to triple glazing when it comes to thermal efficiency and acoustic properties. Vacuum double-glazing can be retrofitted into pre-existing sash windows, which is far more cost-effective than purchasing a whole new window unit. Vacuum double-glazing is also an option for those in Grade 2 listed buildings, although permission is required first.

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Window installation, plastic window installation

Home » Useful articles » Window device

What a window consists of and what elements it has. specific names and terms.

As a rule, the arrangement of the window is similar regardless of the material used, but the arrangement of the plastic window is the most common. Below are its main elements.

Frame – a profile forming a box – an assembly unit of a window or door block of a frame structure, which is fixedly fixed in the opening (wall).

Sash – a profile that forms a sash – a prefabricated unit of a window block of a frame structure and connected to the frame, as a rule, by means of a hinged or sliding connection (fittings).

Impost – a frame profile used for the porch of the sashes and for hanging the sashes (window divider).

Double-glazed window is a three-dimensional product consisting of two or three sheets of glass, interconnected along the contour with the help of distance frames and sealants, forming hermetically closed contours filled with dried air or other gas. Depending on how many sheets of glass are used, one-chamber (two sheets of glass and an air chamber between them) and two-chamber (three sheets of glass and two air chambers, respectively) are distinguished.

Fittings – handles, bolts, locking mechanisms and other devices that ensure the opening of the leaves, their fixation in any position or locking.

Slope (internal or external) is a flat and wide profile (panel) used to neatly finish the side surfaces of a window opening.

Drain is a flat and wide profile (iron sheet) installed outside the window and designed to drain rainwater from the window.

Window sill – a detail of the lower part of the inner frame of the window opening: a board, profile or slab laid at the level of the lower beam of the window frame and made of wood, PVC, stone, metal, reinforced concrete.

Other window terms and names of windows (windows):

Balcony door block is a structure consisting of glazed frame elements installed in the door leaf, and designed to connect the room with a balcony (loggia), natural lighting of the room and protect it from atmospheric and noise influences.

Lateral installation gap – installation gap between the end surface of the window frame and the adjacent surface of the window opening.

Deformation resistance of the assembly joint – the ability of the joint to perceive changes in the linear dimensions of the assembly gap within the specified limits (maximum allowable deformation value) while maintaining the main indicators under operational impacts, expressed in cycles.

Durability is a characteristic of construction joints, which determines their ability to maintain performance for a specified period, confirmed by test results and expressed in conditional years of operation.

Window sound insulation is a characteristic that determines the reduction of outside airborne noise by the window design.

Airborne sound insulation is the ability of a building envelope to reduce sound passing through it.

Chamber is a closed internal cavity in a profile or double-glazed window, located perpendicular to the direction of heat flow.

Box (frame) is an assembly unit of a window or balcony door unit, frame structure, designed for installation of opening (sashes, transoms) or blind glazed elements in it.

Mounting gap – the space between the surface of the wall opening and the planes of the frame of the window (door) block.

Mounting joint is an element of the junction, which is a combination of various insulating materials that fill the mounting gap and has specified characteristics.

Surfacing – an element of the rebate formed by the protruding part of the box (leaf), having a groove for installing a sealing gasket and overlapping the sash (box) by the size of the rebate.

Window hardware – a set of devices and mechanisms (hinges, connecting elements, etc. elements) that ensure the opening and closing of the window. In this case, as a rule, the entire mechanism is controlled by only one handle.

Window unit is a light-transmitting structure consisting of glazed frame elements (frames, sashes, transoms). The window block can be equipped with devices for room ventilation, noise dampers, blinds, shutters and other elements.

Window opening is an opening in the wall designed to accommodate one or more window units.

Window is a light-transmitting element of the wall structure, placed in a window opening with slopes, and containing a window block, mounting joints with seals, designed for natural lighting and ventilation of rooms and their protection from atmospheric and noise influences. Can be fitted with window sill, drain and cladding details.

Vapour-permeable sealant is an elastic sealant used for the construction of the outer layer of the construction joint and has a given vapor permeability at the appropriate layer thickness.

PSUL (Pre-Compressed Sealing Tape) is a pre-compressed, elastic, porous material based on polyurethane in the form of a tape, usually rectangular, impregnated with special compounds. An adhesive layer is applied to one of the sides of the sealing tape, which can be reinforced with glass fiber (or other material), and protected by an anti-adhesive film.

Reduced heat transfer resistance of a window is the reciprocal of the reduced heat transfer coefficient of a window.

The reduced heat transfer coefficient of the window is a value numerically equal to the average heat flux per unit area of the window, including light-transmitting filling and opaque (bearing) elements, with a difference of one degree between the internal and external air temperatures.

The vestibule is the place where the opening elements of the window unit adjoin each other or to the frame framing them.

Profile – detail of a box, sash, strapping of a door leaf made of any material or combination of materials (wooden detail, PVC profile, metal profile, including combined with a thermal insert).

Profile system is a set of profiles and components combined into a single structural system and formalized by technical documentation.

The working thickness of the insulating layer is the range of dimensions in terms of the thickness of the sealant layer, necessary and sufficient to ensure the functioning of the assembly joint with the specified characteristics.

Force impact on the assembly seam – the impact of atmospheric factors, wind pressure, shrinkage and temperature linear deformations of structural elements and other factors.

Assembly joint layer is an integral part (zone) of the assembly joint that performs certain functions and meets specified requirements.

Compatibility of materials – the absence of negative results of the mutual influence of various materials of the junction during its operation.

Heat transfer resistance of window structure is the reciprocal of the heat transfer coefficient.

Casement, sash element is a glazed assembly opening unit of the window unit, connected to the frame by means of hinge links.

Transom is a casement element of a window unit with a hinged opening, limited by a horizontal mullion and frame profiles and designed to ventilate the room.

Window unit adjoining the wall opening is a structural system that ensures the connection of the wall opening (including the details of the outer and inner slopes) with the window unit box, including the mounting seam, window sill, drain, as well as facing and fasteners.

Rebate – part of the profile surface formed by the protrusion of one of its parts.

Front mounting gap – mounting gap between the outer surface of the window frame and the adjacent surface of the window opening.

Profile width is the dimension between the front outer and inner surfaces of the profile.

Bead is a profile designed for fastening glass or double-glazed windows in a frame or sash of a window or balcony door block.

Operational force impact on the assembly seam is the impact on the assembly seam resulting from changes in the deformations of the wall opening and the box of the window block due to changes in the temperature and humidity conditions of wind loads during the operation period.

Operating conditions – temperature and humidity characteristics of the internal microclimate, the region of construction and installation of the assembly joint.

Double-glazed windows

Plastic windows

Wooden windows

Aluminum windows

Types of plastic windows: blind, single-leaf, double-leaf, three-leaf

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Types of plastic windows: single-leaf, double-leaf, three-leaf

Window design: types and features

Modern plastic windows are famous not only for their good heat and sound insulation properties and durability, but also for the variety of shapes and types of structures. The most popular of them in terms of the number of wings are 1, 2 and 3-leaf.

Separately, the following types of windows are distinguished:

Balcony block, consisting of two wings. Most often, only the balcony door itself opens.
PVC structures for balconies and loggias. The number of sashes for glazing is not limited and corresponds only to the length of the balcony and the wishes of the client.

Single sash plastic window

With a small window opening (1.5 by 1 m), it is best to choose a design with a single sash. Its undoubted advantages include cost-effectiveness and increased light transmission. You can buy a single-leaf plastic window at a low price from the Ozersky Windows company. We work without intermediaries and guarantee high quality and durability of PVC products.

Double-leaf plastic window

For standard window openings of an apartment building, we recommend choosing double-leaf plastic windows with two opening sashes. This design is considered the most convenient to use: it is easy to regulate the flow of light and air in the room, to wet the glass. You can give preference to a PVC window with one blind sash and the other opening.

Some restrictions are often imposed on the appearance of facades, for example, the implementation of urban planning standards (if these are historical or central streets). They also need to be considered when choosing windows for an apartment.

Three-leaf plastic window

A standard three-leaf window will become a functional decoration of a large room: hall, dining room, living room, etc. The number of opening doors depends on your wishes. There may be several options where 1 sash opens (on the side or in the center), 2 or 3. We do not recommend the latter, as it is impractical.

It should be borne in mind that a slightly more expensive option than with one opening sash will be a three-leaf plastic window with 2 opening sashes, the approximate price of which you can find out using the online calculator. Our specialists are always ready to tell you about current promotions and discounts by calling +7 (496) 702-55-40 in Ozyory.

Fixed PVC windows

Windows are divided into several types according to the way of opening:

Fixed plastic windows;
swivel;
hinged;
tilt-and-turn;
fanlights;
sliding.

Prefabricated blind PVC windows are a popular and cheap glazing option (due to the simplification of the design and the absence of additional fittings). With a deaf sash, the disadvantage is the difficulty of leaving from the outside: even if you live on the first floor, you will have to use a stepladder for seasonal glass washing. No less difficult is the full process of airing the room. Therefore, such windows are more often chosen in the construction of small country houses or industrial premises, residential buildings require products of a more complex configuration that provide comfortable living.