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Stakeholders’ Perception as Support for Forest Landscape Planning
Social sustainability is a key concept introduced in recent decades by international environmental and forestry policies. The paper illustrates the process of stakeholder consultation for the definition of the objectives of the forest landscape plan conducted in a district of the Italian Apennines. Special attention was given to the farmers group, by reason of the great importance of wood pasture in the management system of this area. The results show that the majority of the interviewees feel a strong bond with their territory and with the traditional activities still carried out there, such as forest grazing. However, there are internal differences within the group, mostly linked to age and territory of origin. The multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) supported the investigation of these differences and the analysis of the relationship between farmers and their territory. Information emerged from the interviews with farmers allowed a better understanding of the dynamics of the territory and was revealed to be useful for the development of the forest landscape plan.
1. Introduction
Principle 10 of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) is a key milestone towards increased public participation in environmental management decisions. Principle 10 stresses the issue of keeping local communities informed which becomes more and more relevant as a central component of social and environmental sustainability. As a result, the social dimension has become a fundamental element of sustainable forest management (SFM) [1, 2]. In this framework, local community participation and involvement in the decision-making process—in particular in the definition of forest management strategies—has been developed [3–5].
Heightened sensibility, particularly towards issues such as sustainability, together with an increased awareness of the threat posed to the environment, a threat that in the past was largely dismissed, has intensified public opinion to the point where citizens claim the right not only to express their views in regard to issues concerning the forest, but also to be able to influence directly such issues.
This being the case, forest policy and planning today needs to be aware of people’s perception of the forest and of the issues related to this topic, and to take into consideration the entire range of values attributed thereto [6–11].
The case study concerns an area of the Italian Apennines (Basilicata Region, Southern Italy) in which local forest managers are developing forest landscape planning.
The objective of the research is to analyse the perception of farmers with respect to the forests and to certain issues deeply tied to forest management and planning. Farmers are key stakeholders in the local rural context. In fact, the grazing of livestock—in particular cattle grazing—strongly conditions the management of forests and is responsible for conflict among institutional organisations, forest owners, and farmers.
The research can be useful to provide forest policy and planning managers with insight into how local communities actually perceive forest management.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
The study area is the Comunità Montana Collina Materana (the Comunità Montana is the Italian administrative body that coordinates the municipalities located in the mountainous areas and is responsible for administration and economic development.) (40°29′30′′ N; 16°09′20′′ E), located in the central-western part of the Matera Province in the Basilicata Region, Southern Italy (Figure 1). The territory of the Comunità Montana, occupying about 60.784 ha, is divided into seven municipalities.
The forest covers a surface of 22.221 ha, that is, 36.5% of the territory. Privately owned land amounts to 64.3%, whereas the remaining 35.7% belongs to public administrations. Forest management is strongly influenced by the type of property; public forests are usually managed by public organisations or forestry cooperatives. In private forests, there are two different situations: traditional management for household firewood production and unmanaged forests.
The main forest types are Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) dominant forest, Downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) dominant forest, and Holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) dominant forest. The large diversity of forest types is attributed to the great variability in morphology, altitude, and lithology of the area. In the eastern part of the territory, the forests are more scattered, providing space for agricultural lands, shrub lands, and bad lands.
Wood pasture has been practiced in the Materana Mountain since the Middle Ages, as in other areas of Europe. It is essentially a system of land management where trees are grown, but with grazing by large herbivores (domesticated, semidomesticated, wild, or a combination) [12–15]. Wood pasture represents the most ancient management system in a “multifunctional landscape” [14] where crops, pastures, wood pastures, forests, and grazed forests represent the elements of a mosaic in which livestock is a key component.
Grazing by livestock, a practice that has declined in other areas of Italy, still represents an important use of certain forest types in Southern Italy. These lands produce palatable and nutritious forage for summer grazing, supplementing the limited amount of spring-fall grassland range.
In the Collina Materana, oak forests are the most suitable forest formations for this type of grazing as they are characterised by a well-developed herbaceous and shrubby undergrowth, sufficient to feed the livestock (Figure 2).
Seldom farmers hold enough land to graze their cattles, by reason of the fact that private property is extremely fragmented and pulverized. In general, only public organisations (Region and Municipalities) are able to lease land to farmers with long-term leases. The opportunity to graze cattle on public land is very important for farmers, but local survey highlights that vegetation is clearly damaged by an overabundance of livestock. For this reason, it is important to define new management rules to combine forest grazing and forest preservation, adapting the management of the forests for multiple use. These rules are a necessary premise to limit conflicts among public organisations, forest owners, and farmers.
Continued forest grazing, carried out excessively, is very closely connected to the widespread presence of forest formations degraded with irregular structures, and species reduction and simplification. The widespread phenomenon of soil compaction and damage caused by animal paths can likewise be imputed to an overabundance of livestock.
The population of the Collina Materana numbers 12.040 inhabitants, and the demographic density is 19.8 people/km². Considering the age distribution, the population is concentrated in the adult classes (10.6% in 0–14 years, 61.5% in 15–64 years, and 28.0% in the class over 65 years), while the old age index is 275.6%, and the average age is 46.8 years. The rural sector plays quite an important role in the economic structure of the Comunità Montana, employing 24% of the active population, whereas the national average is 8%, and the European average is 4-5%. Moreover, most of the agricultural enterprises (35.8%) are small-sized farms that combine agricultural and husbandry activities.
Conversely, the industrial sector is extremely weak, as is demonstrated by the very scarce presence of factories operating in the area. So, too, is the tourist sector, which has not shown any significant development so far.
2.2. Research Survey
Forest landscape planning in the Comunità Montana is decided upon by means of a participatory process: stakeholders are involved all along the decision-making process so that management guidelines are defined by decision makers and local communities through a shared process. Specifically, the consultation approach has been considered the most suitable method of participation for involving various stakeholders and for highlighting the preferences and perceptions of local actors.
The first phase of the consultation is aimed at gathering the perceptions, opinions, and expectations of those actors who are in some way and at different levels interested in the general impact of ongoing planning in the territory. The final goal, in this phase, is to highlight the problems and opportunities in the area and to use the data gathered from the perceptive investigation, along with the information retrieved from the inventory taken of the forest formations, to elaborate the first draft of the planning alternatives.
Through a preliminary stakeholders analysis, a total of 63 stakeholders have been identified.
Among the people interviewed, a distinction is made between farmers and other actors, by reason of the fact that farmers represent the most relevant social group interested in the effect of ongoing landscape planning. In fact, forest grazing strongly conditions the management of forests and is the main cause of disagreement between forest owners and farmers.
For these reasons, 27 farmers, that is, about 43% of the entire sample (Table 1), were interviewed by means of a face-to-face-structured interview. With specifically reference to farmers interviewed, 52% are also forest owners.
Farmers were selected through an iterative process: starting with farmers known at local level, previously unknown respondents were also identified [16, 17], and following the first interviews, the snowball effect that ensued meant more were carried out. The main advantage of this type of sampling, known as “snowball sampling” or “referral sampling” [18], is its limited cost and sample size.
The structure of the interview is divided into thematic sections. The first section of the interview deals with the sociodemographic information of the respondents (date of birth, gender, municipality of residence, occupation, etc.). The other sections focus on certain relevant issues concerning forest management: (i) grazing and the relationship between grazing and forest, (ii) the link between farmers and the territory, and (iii) the value attributed to landscape and the perception of changes in the landscape.
The subdivision of the interview into thematic sections allows for the separate analysis of each section, as well as a final elaboration which sums the results of the three sections.
In the following paragraphs, the main questions utilised in the above-mentioned sections are described and the purpose of their formulation and the modalities with which they were structured are highlighted.
To keep the interview simple and support the respondents in their answers, authors decided that questions should be closed. Furthermore, close-ended questions are more easily analysed, and each answer can be given a number or value so that a statistical interpretation can be assessed. In some cases, a limit could be that close-ended questions may not offer the respondents choices that actually reflect their real opinions.
A large number of answers are limited to “yes,” “no,” and “sometimes/maybe.” Other questions are formulated in a way that allows the interviewees to answer in an options-ranking scale. In other cases, the respondent has to choose from a list of preset responses.
2.2.1. Forest and Grazing Practices
The aim of the section regarding forest grazing by livestock (in particular cattle grazing) in the Collina Materana is to illustrate the existence of this local use of certain forest types, a use still practised in some areas of the Italian Apennines. These forests (mostly deciduous oak coppices and high forests) produce forage for summer grazing, supplementing the limited amount of spring-fall grassland range. The breeding of the local Podolica cattle is currently on the increase due to the quality of the beef, and the practice of forest grazing is widespread among farmers.
Knowledge of local, traditional uses in forest management represents a crucial aspect in the drafting of any planning tool. As a matter of fact, this knowledge allows critical issues (potential conflicts) to be highlighted, issues which are difficult to manage since they are more linked to cultural than to technical aspects.
The questions relating to the grazing activity are centred on assessing the spread of forest grazing and its modalities and characteristics. In particular, questions 4 and 5 are aimed at understanding whether farmers are conscious of the damage to forests that grazing could produce and whether farmers think it is possible to breed cattle without the practice of forest grazing (see Table 2).
The analysis of the main descriptive statistics of the above-mentioned questions provides an overall view of farmers’ perceptions of this crucial management aspect of the Collina Materana forests. This information provides useful support in establishing future management scenarios and, particularly, in highlighting the difficulties and conflicts of present management practices and the possible solutions.
2.2.2. Link with the Territory
The link between farmers and the territory is evaluated through a set of questions which take into account both social and emotional aspects (Table 3). Husbandry activity plays an important role in the economic structure of the Collina Materana. For this reason, investigating farmers’ bonds with their territory provides useful information for the development of planning alternatives which take into account the maintenance of this activity.
The first question is formulated in a way that allows the interviewees to express their bond with the territory. In order to better assess this relationship, two supporting questions have also been inserted. The first question inserted is in regard to whether the interviewees ever felt the need, in the past, to emigrate. If the answer is affirmative, then a second question is asked in order to ascertain the motivational causes, as indicated.
Three main causes were taken into consideration: lack of work, social malaise, and willingness to change. The interviewees were also given the opportunity to indicate any additional causes. A lack of work constitutes a material cause, which drives people to abandon their birthplace, whereas social malaise has a psychological connotation. A willingness to change on the part of the individual is representative of an individualistic connotation and is typical of an entrepreneurial mindset.
A change linked to the search for economic improvement leads people to leave their birthplace in the hope of starting business activities elsewhere. Should these people return to their hometowns, this would represent an important resource for the territory.
Question 4 investigates farmers’ ideas of the role of the forestry and animal husbandry sector in limiting emigration and permits an understanding of the importance that they attribute to this sector from a more economic point of view.
The aggregated analysis of the questions allows for the definition of a series of situations within a continuum varying from a positive (scenario 1) to a negative (scenario 2) extreme, as reported in Table 4. A series of case records may be found between these two extremes, which have to be carefully assessed before the drawing up of the forest plan.
2.2.3. Value Attributed to the Landscape
The landscape of the Collina Materana has been deeply moulded by grazing since the Middle Ages and, still today, livestock in forests is a key element of this landscape. This section aims to examine, via a set of three questions (Table 5), the importance that farmers give to the landscape of their territory.
Question 1 investigates whether the interviewees appreciate the landscape of the territory where they live. If the answer is affirmative, then question 2 examines the features of the landscape that respondents prefer. Five main features are taken into consideration: forests, crops, pastures, villages, and ravine areas. The interviewees are also given the opportunity to indicate any additional features.
Question 3 is inserted to analyse this aspect more profoundly and concerns the level of importance the interviewees give to the landscape where they live.
This set of questions provides planners with important information for the definition of planning strategies as it gives some idea of the farmers’ attachment to the landscape, as well as specifying which features are considered more, or less, important in the farmers’ perceptions.
3. Results
The information obtained from consultation with the farmers can be useful in supporting planning options and forest management. Results are firstly reported as collected in the thematic sections of the questionnaire. Afterwards, an integrated analysis of the answers provides an overall view of the farmers’ perspective with respect to forest grazing and to the effect of this practice on the landscape and the territory.
3.1. Forest and Grazing Practices
Regarding the question “is forest grazing practised?,” 75% of the interviewees confirm that the practice of forest grazing is spread across the territory of the Collina Materana. As shown in Figure 3, about 40% of the respondents report that cattle are in the forest all year long, not only in summer. Only for 11% of farmers is forest grazing practised mostly in summer in order to supplement the limited amount of forage available over this period.
Even though most of the farmers indicate that livestock is in the forest all year round, in the opinion of 33% of the farmers interviewed the food that animals get from the forest annually is between 1 and 10% of the total forage they need (Figure 4).
As shown in Figure 4, the farmers’ opinions on this issue are quite diverse, with 11% of the respondents even indicating that animals get from the forest more than 50% of their total food annually.
Among farmers that confirm the practice of forest grazing in the Collina Materana forests, only 14% indicate that grazing is an activity that may create damage to the forest. In order to better comprehend the results related to this question, it is important to remember that the answer is linked to the perception that each single interviewee has of the situation, rather than an actual picture as reported in official statistics.
In spite of forest grazing being used considerably, in the opinion of farmers, the support of the forest is not strictly necessary in order for animal husbandry activity to be present. Regarding this last issue, almost 70% of the interviewees indicate that zootechnic activity could go on in the Collina Materana even without forest grazing.
3.2. Links with the Territory
The data related to the link with the territory show that the majority of the interviewees (91%) feel a strong bond with the territory. In order to better investigate the results, a question on a past or present exigency of emigration was elaborated. The answers of the farmers highlight factors of malaise. As a matter of fact, 66% declare that they had taken into consideration the possibility of leaving, while 34% have never considered this option. If we consider the main problems influencing depopulation over the years, the only motive that respondents perceive as responsible for the exigency to emigrate is the lack of work (100%).
The analysis of farmers’ opinions about the forestry and husbandry sector as elements that can keep people from emigrating shows that no one, single idea prevails regarding this issue. In fact, there is a homogeneous distribution of farmers’ answers among “yes” (33%), no (33%), and in part (33%). This trend testifies that to some extent the forest and husbandry sector is still assumed to have an economic and social role in the Collina Materana.
3.3. Value Attributed to the Landscape
The question related to the farmers’ appreciation of the landscape shows that quite the totality (99%) of the interviewees appreciate the landscape of the territory where they live. Regarding the importance given to the landscape, 69% attribute high importance, confirming the relevant role of the landscape in the farmers’ perceptions.
Among the main features of the landscape, farmers indicate forests (86%) and ravine areas (14%) as elements of the landscape that they take into consideration (Figure 5).
It is interesting to note that pastures are not a feature particularly appreciated by farmers; forests, on the other hand, are the primary components of the landscape in farmers’ perceptions, confirming the strong connection between livestock and forest in the Collina Materana.
As an explorative statistical analysis on the data collected, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), using Statistics for Windows, has been used on the categorical variables. MCA is an extension of correspondence analysis (CA) which allows to analyze the pattern of relationship of several categorical-dependent variables and providing interpretative hypotheses. As such, it can also be seen as a generalization of principal component analysis when the variables to be analyzed are categorical instead of quantitative. In other words, MCA is the counterpart of principal component analysis for categorical data [19–21].
To investigate in depth the relationship between farmers and the territory where they live, the importance assigned to the landscape and the link to the territory were associated to certain social variables of the sample.
Considering the age, three classes (20–40, 41–60, and >60), have been defined. Secondly, two typologies of farmers have been considered: simple farmers and farmers who are also forest owners. Referring to the municipalities where farmers live, developed and undeveloped municipalities have been considered. The importance assigned to the landscape is based on the answers given during the interview (high/low, see Q3—Table 5). The link to the territory is based on the answers to the question “have you felt the need to emigrate?” (yes/no, see Q2—Table 3).
The MCA results highlight the fact that younger individuals who, besides being farmers, are also forest owners and who live in more developed municipalities give higher importance to the landscape (see Figure 6, percentage of inertia equal to ). By contrast, minor importance is given to the landscape by older farmers who live in lesser developed municipalities.
With regard to the link with the territory, the MCA shows that farmers in the intermediate age range (between 41 and 60) who live in more developed municipalities have taken into consideration the possibility of leaving (see Figure 7, percentage of inertia equal to ).
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Research carried out has revealed indications potentially useful for forest planning on a landscape level.
In particular, interviews with farmers have brought to light a number of aspects that will allow for a better understanding of the territorial context and the dynamics at work. These aspects include elements that planning cannot disregard: (i)forest grazing is a very important, traditional activity; more than just a question of economics and productivity, it is seemingly bound to ancient forms of management, deeply rooted in the local culture. Forest grazing is, in fact, practised all year round and not only during the summer season, when the scarcity of other resources renders whatever forage the forest may produce particularly valuable. Approximately one-third of the interviewees maintain that the quantity of forage obtained from the forest is, in effect, rather limited, and as much as 70% of the interviewees maintain that zootechnic activity in the region could be continued even without forest grazing. Despite this fact, the forest is being utilised largely for grazing, as well as it is considered one of the most important components of the local landscape, to the extent that one could even speak of a form of “cultural grazing;”(ii)in general, the farmers maintain strong ties with their own territory and their own traditions. Planning needs to take these values into account: ignoring or underestimating them will undoubtedly bring the parties into conflict; by contrast, should the convictions of these farmers be opportunely valued, such convictions, deeply rooted in the population, may well transform themselves into opportunities for development in the territory;(iii)there exists a particularly reliable category of farmer that, if suitably and timeously included in the process, could make an active contribution to the sustainable development of the territory: this category refers to those farmers who attribute to the forestry and zootechnic sector an economic role sufficiently significant to halt the outmigration, young individuals, who, very often, are also owners of forests, and who reside in communities where there is increased potential for economic development.
If, therefore, on the one hand, it would seem clear that planning has to acknowledge, amongst the forest’s many functions, also that of “hosting” grazing, on the other hand it cannot be denied that, from a technical point of view, this practice does indeed have a negative effect on the forest’s ecosystem. Only 14% of those interviewed, however, acknowledge the existence of such problems, despite these being evident in all of the forests in the region. The unawareness of farmers about negative effects of forest grazing is a further evidence of the fact that this practice is realized without any form of planning; farmers leave their animals in the forest without a consciousness of the real effects of this activity.
Continued forest grazing, carried out excessively, is very closely connected to the widespread presence of forest formations degraded with irregular structures, and species reduction and simplification. The widespread phenomenon of soil compaction and damage caused by animal paths can likewise be imputed to an overabundance of livestock. To ensure any successful, future management, therefore, it is recommended that suitable plans for grazing be drawn up, plans that allow for grazing to be rationalised, and for livestock to be scaled down and managed in a sensible manner, whilst at the same time endeavouring to modify current, unrestricted grazing techniques by means of other, more rational techniques such as those that provide for a rotation of animals between sectors. The grazing of bovines has the potential to represent a resource for the territory provided the number of animals is appropriate and proportionate to the amount of foraging available. Only on these conditions can the management of these forests be adapted for multiple use, with grazing fitting well into a pattern which includes watershed maintenance, timber production, biodiversity conservation, and recreation. Needless to say, this requires the involvement of the farmers, starting with those who have already proved themselves to be more sensitive, more open, and more dynamic to the cause.
We would like to conclude by emphasising the usefulness of studies in perception, in order to support forest management. Planners, managers, and decision makers are seldom aware of the complex range of meanings and values attributed by individuals to the forest, or of the strong bonds that tie such individuals either to the territory to which they are linked or the landscape that characterises such places. Mountain communities that are vital and thriving are a prerequisite for the conservation of the landscape and the safeguarding of those many and inherent values that form part of the culture and local traditions. There can be no better way to achieve this than by involving the population in the management of the territory; an excellent first step would be to be mindful of the needs and expectations of the people, whilst fully appreciating the values they attribute to the forest.
Another objective of these researches on a landscape scale using the interview method is to “measure” qualitative data and value judgements, in order to render the results more objective and comprehensible to those in charge of planning, the intention being on the one hand to facilitate decisions and on the other, communication.
Acknowledgments
This work is part of the Forest Landscape Plan of the Comunità Montana Collina Materana, realised within the frame of activities established by the Agreement between the Agricultural Research Council (CRA) and the INEA-Headquarters in Potenza, Italy. The working methodology was elaborated by CRA within the MIPAF “Ri.Selv.Italia”—Subproject 4.2 “Geographic informative system for forest management.” Ri.Selv.Italia is a national multiyear research project in the forest-wood-environment sector “oriented to problem solving,” promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forests in concert with Regions. The authors have contributed to this study and paper in equal parts.
Copyright © 2011 Isabella De Meo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Limp Voyeur in a Humid Landscape at Thomas Dane Gallery
Dominick Di Meo: Limp Voyeur in a Humid Landscape at Thomas Dane Gallery
Dominick Di Meo: Limp Voyeur in a Humid Landscape
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Ha Giang, the roof of Vietnam – 8-Day Photo Tour
Tour Highlights
- The incredible karst plateau of Dong Van, listed in UNESCO Global Geoparks Network
- The visit of H’mong villages and encounters with the local population
- The sunday markets of Dong Van and Meo Vac
- The spectacular road from Dong Van to Meo Vac, and the Ma Pi Leng passage.
- The magnificent rice terraces of Hoang Su Phi, listed as a Vietnam National Heritage site
Closed to foreigners for a long time, the faraway province of Ha Giang remains on the sideline of traditional tourist trails. It offers a diversified palette of landscapes and a pretty mosaic of ethnic groups, barely influenced by the turmoil and development of modern life. From the spectacular rice terraces of Hoang Su Phi and its various local tribes, to the breathtaking karst landscape of Dong Van and its White Hmong populated villages, we invite you to a fabulous photographic adventure to the limits of the northern mountainous region of Vietnam.
We organize this tour twice a year, during the rice transplantation season and the harvest season, a period during which the ethnic groups spend most of their days in the fields, to the photographer’s great delight.
Day 1
● Hanoi ▸ Quan Ba
● 7 hours’ travelling / 1 hour photography
We will leave Hanoi early in the morning to reach Quan Ba in the late afternoon. As we’ll move forward to our destination, the sceneries will become more and more spectacular, crossing stunning hilly landscapes, corn and manioc fields, tea plantations and after reaching Ha Giang town, we’ll come upon our first rice terraces.
Just before Quan Ba, we will pass the “Heaven’s Gate”, with its mountains stretching to the horizon, marking the entrance to Dong Ba Karst Plateau, listed in UNESCO Global Geoparks Network. A magnificent point of view to come back home with stunning landscape photos, hopefully helped by a nice weather.
Dinner and night in our Red Dao eco-lodge.
Day 2
● Quan Ba ▸ Pho Cao Village ▸ Dong Van
● 5 hours’ travelling / 4 hours of photography
We will start the day with a beautiful valley below Quan Ba well filled with rice fields. We will then delve into Dong Van Plateau, an extremely wild region made of limestone pitons and black granite needles: a truly breathtaking panorama.
After lunch in Yen Minh, we will head to Pho Cao, a superb H’mong village with some 200 years old houses, so far my favorite village in the area, with Pleiades of villagers vacant to their daily occupations of another age before finally reaching Dong Van in the late afternoon.
Dinner and night in Dong Van.
Day 3
● Dong Van
● 1,5 hours’ travelling / 6 hours of photography
Today we will explore the Dong Van Karst plateau wonders and it’s surrounding rice fields to make beautiful landscape photos, while looking for opportunities to develop your people photography talent, as we meet the black H’mong people who live in the area.
Dinner and night in Dong Van.
Day 4
● Dong Van ▸ Meo Vac
● 2 hours’ travelling / 7 hours of photography
We’ll have much to do on that morning, as we’ll go visit 2 dominical markets, linked together by one of the most spectacular road in Vietnam: better get your gear ready! The ethnic minorities of many different groups leave their home villages very early in the morning to reach Dong Van market, a place to trade merchandises but also a gathering site to socialize and meet with others.
We will then head to Meo Vac, home to the Black H’mong Eagle’s Nest. Upon arrival we’ll discover the livestock market, a one of its kind location in the Ha Giang province, where between 400 and 1000 cattle are traded during the course of the morning, along with many horses, pigs and dogs, before visiting the main market.
After lunch, we will wonder around Meo Vac and the Ma Pi Leng passage taking multiple photography stops, following a road meandering through the mountain sides and getting through the Ma Pi Leng passage, overlooking a vertiginous canyon and the No Que River gorges further down.
Dinner and night at the Auberge de Meo Vac eco-resort.
Day 5
● Meo Vac ▸ Ha Giang
● 6 hours’ travelling / many landscape photography stops
After an outing to enjoy the first rays of sunshine on the karst peaks nearby Meo Vac, we will head back to Ha Giang town following a different road surrounded by breathtaking karst mountain landscapes. We will take our time and make multiple landscape photography stops. We will arrive in Ha Giang town in the early evening for dinner.
Dinner and night in a Lodge.
Day 6
● Ha Giang ▸ Hoang Su Phi
● 2 hours’ travelling / 4 hours photography
After spending the early morning hours in lovely Tay ethnic villages nearby Ha Giang town we will head to our resort in Hoang Su Phi, nested in a beautiful rice field valley.
After lunch we will go exploring to a nearby-forested area dotted with rice terraces, and meet up with the Dap ethnic people in Ban Peo and Ban Nhung villages.
Dinner and night in our Ecolodge.
Day 7
● Hoang Su Phi Rice Terraces
● 2 hours’ travelling / 6 hours of photography
The rice terraces of Hoang Su Phi have existed for more than three centuries; many generations of farmers from La Chi, Dao or Nung ethnic groups have shaped those hill curves, dug up the irrigation canals and terraced the mountainsides in stairs to cultivate rice. These rice fields have a total surface area of 630 km2 and are listed since 2012 as a Vietnam National Heritage site.
In the morning, we will go explore the village of Ban Luoc. It is home to the country’s largest rice terrace field, stretching over 200 acres and with an altitude difference of more than 1500 meters, and is consisted of thousands of successive platforms separated from each other by one meter. In the afternoon, we will visit Ban Phung Village with its equally visually stunning rice terraces.
Dinner and night in our Ecolodge.
Day 8
● Hoang Su Phi ▸ End of the adventure in Hanoi
● Final photo review / 7 hours’ travelling
We will spend our morning doing our final photo review checking everyone’s photo series.
After lunch we will take the road back to Hanoi that we will reach in the end of the day.
End of the tour.
Ha Giang, The Roof of Vietnam
Testimonials
Sarah M., USA
Read Review
Bill M., USA
Read Review
Trisha F., Australia
Read Review
David H., UK
Read Review
Tour Details
- Price: US$2890 / person
- Tour Dates:
– 1 to 8 September 2022
– 25 May to 1 June 2023 & 31 August to 7 September 2023
– 23 to 30 May 2024 & 29 August to 5 September 2024 - Group Size: 6 persons max.
- Level: Beginners to Advanced
Includes
- Ecolodges in Quan Ba and Hoang Su Phi
- A comfortable 3* hotel in Dong Van
- Auberge de Meo Vac eco-resort
- Homestay with private room near Ha Giang
- Private air-conditioned transportation
- Meals and non-alcoholic beverages throughout the tour
- Snacks and water during excursions
- Sites entry fees (if applicable)
Excludes
- International/domestic flight to arrive and depart from Hanoi
- Airport transfers on arrival and departure
- Entry Visa to Vietnam
- Travel insurance (please make sure you are insured)
- Alcoholic beverages
- Personal expenses
- Tips
Optional
- Single room accommodation (when possible): +US$280
Enquire Now
Your Name *
Your Email *
Your Telephone
Participants *
Select a Date *
26 May to 2 June 20221 to 8 September 202225 May to 1 June 202331 August to 7 September 2023
Your Message
Tour Highlights
- The incredible karst plateau of Dong Van, listed in UNESCO Global Geoparks Network
- The visit of H’mong villages and encounters with the local population
- The sunday markets of Dong Van and Meo Vac
- The spectacular road from Dong Van to Meo Vac, and the Ma Pi Leng passage.
- The magnificent rice terraces of Hoang Su Phi, listed as a Vietnam National Heritage site
General Information
Meo Landscapes Landscape Gardeners in Norwich, Norfolk
Ref No. B134257
Founded: 1998
Greg Meo is the founder of Meo Landscaping we are a complete landscaping construction business, Established for 10 years I am based on the Norfolk/Suffolk border ideal for serving customers within East Anglia.
email me at: [email protected]
website: http://www.meolandscapes.co.uk
Meo Landscaping and Construction is a family business providing complete landscaping and gardening services, Established for 10 years with experience in landscape gardening and building. Based at Carleton St Peter we ideally serve the Norfolk and Suffolk area we do however undertake projects arround East Anglia.
Please feel free to browse our facebook page and view are website at www. meolandscapes.co.uk
Greg Meo founder and proprietor of Meo Landscaping is a passionate gardener with an eye for good garden layouts and design, the love of garden construction comes from interests in tradition garden construction methods and building arcutecture.
Established in 1999 the ethics of the company has always been to offer the very best service and materials at a reasonable cost, coupled with the aim in providing practical and traditional garden themes to people who love there home and wish to extend there living space and lifestyles into the garden.
Meo Landscapes
Carleton St Peter, Norwich
Norwich
Norfolk
NR14 7BD
07967 569015
http://www.meolandscapes.co.uk
Landscaping Norwich Landscape Suffolk Landscaping Norfolk Landscaper Norwich Landscapes Norwich Landscape Gardeners Norwich Norfolk http://www.meolandscapes.co.uk
Meo Landscapes are listed in; Landscape Gardeners Directory : Landscape Gardeners in Norwich : Landscape Gardeners in Norfolk
Landscape Gardeners in Norfolk
Llewellyn Landscape & Garden Design
Norwich, Norfolk
Llewellyn Landscape & Garden Design
design | create | maintain
LLGD offers something for every garden, whether it”s a complete design, a landscaping build or maintenance contract. From a single pot to a large country garden Keith looks forward to hearing from you and seeing what you can create together.
Services include landscaping and planting design; landscaping including patios, raised beds, pergolas and other structures; fencing; soft landscaping including supply of plants; regular or one-off maintenance including mowing, pruning, hedge-cutting, bed maintenance, general gardening, tidying and small tree work.
JP Horticulture
Diss, Norfolk
Landscaping and fencing contractors, operating in the south norfolk and mid Suffolk area. Agricultural and domestic fencing, turf laying, hedgecutting and planting. All aspects of hard and soft landscaping.
Knights Paving and Landscaping
Norwich, Norfolk
Knights Paving and Landscaping are a team of experienced garden landscapers and have built up an excellent reputation across Norwich, Norfolk and Suffolk for providing their customers with a high standard of workmanship and customer services for landscaping projects. Their team of specialist landscapers work with their customers to produce paving, driveway, patio and fencing designs that blend perfectly with the rest of their garden and complements their home.
Smith and Bloom Property Services
Norwich, Norfolk
Garden Design and Landscaping covering Norfolk and Suffolk.
Country Grounds Maintenance
Kings Lynn, Norfolk
Country Grounds Maintenance Ltd (CGM) was founded in 1985 by Tim Glover, the son of a farmer, and he continues to lead the company and inspire its development today.
Since those early days, investment in equipment, people, skills and training, has made CGM a perfect provider of services for clients looking for the best possible landscaping and maintenance services for their land or property.
Starting with a single mower on a trailer as his only equipment, Tims first contract was the maintenance of a church yard for a local parish council and this same contract remains in place to this day. Other parish council contracts quickly followed and led to another person joining the business that person is still a valued member of the CGM team.
Essential Ponds
Diss, Norfolk
Essential ponds cater for aspects of waterscape from your small garden pond to larger ponds and lakes. Our service include construction and refurbishment and on going maintenance including complete pond cleans, yearly service contracts as well as plant control and fish/pond health checks.
Lake and pond aquatics
Diss, Norfolk
Lake and pond aquatics provides pond cleaning services and pond buliding services.
Professional full pond strip downs and cleans are provided.
Any problems not matter how small or how large are taken in and advice given from filters to plants to sick fish lake and pond aquatics covers all areas.
Professional pond buliders which not only make a stunning pond but make it easy maintain as well by using techniques not many other pond buliders know
Greenway Tree Care & Landscaping
Wymondham, Norfolk
Providing quality Tree Surgery & Landscaping, across Norfolk & Suffolk.
Sam Yeoman Landscapes
Wymondham, Norfolk
Sam Yeoman Landscapes is a creative Landscaping Service which is profesional, reliable and friendly. We have a team of highly skilled reliable landscapers with years of experience. We pride ourselves on being meticulous in every aspect of are service.
We are fully qualified and fully insured and offer a wide range of services including hard landscaping, garden maintenance, tree surgery and grounds maintenence.
We are proud to be involved in Landscaping and maintaning some of the finest gardens and properties in the Norfolk and North Suffolk area.
Meo Landscapes
Norwich, Norfolk
Founded: 1998
Greg Meo is the founder of Meo Landscaping we are a complete landscaping construction business, Established for 10 years I am based on the Norfolk/Suffolk border ideal for serving customers within East Anglia.
email me at: [email protected]
website: http://www. meolandscapes.co.uk
Meo Landscaping and Construction is a family business providing complete landscaping and gardening services, Established for 10 years with experience in landscape gardening and building. Based at Carleton St Peter we ideally serve the Norfolk and Suffolk area we do however undertake projects arround East Anglia.
Please feel free to browse our facebook page and view are website at www.meolandscapes.co.uk
Greg Meo founder and proprietor of Meo Landscaping is a passionate gardener with an eye for good garden layouts and design, the love of garden construction comes from interests in tradition garden construction methods and building arcutecture.
Established in 1999 the ethics of the company has always been to offer the very best service and materials at a reasonable cost, coupled with the aim in providing practical and traditional garden themes to people who love there home and wish to extend there living space and lifestyles into the garden.
Barham Landscapes
Norwich, Norfolk
Barham Landscapes is a family owned company based in Norwich and covering East Anglia. We carry out all types of general landscaping including paving, brickwork, fencing, decking, planting and garden maintenance. We also carry out groundworks and tree surgery. We cover both the domestic and commercial sectors and have extensive experience in carrying out jobs efficiently and to a very high standard.
All work by Barham Landscapes holds a 10 year guarantee and is carried out by our fully trained and insured workforce. We pride ourselves on always achieving a first class standard of work, and constantly strive to achieve the perfect landscape for our customers.
Please call for advice and to arrange a site visit. Barham Landscapes provide free quotes for all work.
Barham Landscapes OUR NAME IS OUR REPUTATION.
Steve Penn Paving and Patios
Kings Lynn, Norfolk
Quality Block,Paving Patios and driveways in Norfolk. With 18 Years experience you can expect nothing but the best quality workmanship from professionals. Thousands of satisfied customers would recommend us.
Proscape Services
Great Hockham, Norfolk
PROSCAPE are a Landscaping and Groundworks company based in Great Hockham, near Thetford. We offer a first class service in all kinds of landscaping and groundwork to clients primarily in the Brecklands and Wayland Areas of Norfolk, but we do extend our service county wide.
PROSCAPE have the experience, expertise and professionalism to minimise problems and ensure that the job is completed to your complete satisfaction as promptly as possible in accordance with scheduled delivery dates and to a high standard of finish.
GROUNDWORKS & DRAINANGE
Pop without borders – Weekend – Kommersant
The following year after the album-film “Heima”, noted by all critics as an outstanding work, the Icelanders Sigur Ros released a full-fledged disc with new material, which radically changes the attitude towards the band. In the previous studio work “Takk…” Sigur Ros perfected the concept of relaxation music with intellectual ambition. Until now, the hauntingly beautiful landscape songs of Sigur Ros have pacified but led nowhere. The title of the album “Me? Su? I Eyrum Vi? Spilum Endalaust” translates as “We play endlessly with a buzz in our ears”, but in the system of Sigur Ros coordinates, this record is a triumph of specificity and structure.
Sigur Ros used Mark Ellis, nicknamed Flood, the man who recorded U2, Depeche Mode and Nine Inch Nails, as the main studio brain for this work. With this shot, the islanders hit the bull’s-eye.
By April 2008, the band had completed 11 songs in Reykjavik and traveled to London’s Abbey Road to complete what they had begun, in the company of a boys’ choir and a 67-piece orchestra. The band even confirmed press reports that the sound of the CD would be “more guitar than string”. However, the rumors that the Icelanders would finally sing in a language understandable to mankind, that is, in English, were justified by only one eleventh. They paid tribute to the mainstream absolute only on the final track “All Alright” – a cosmic beauty ballad to the piano, which is not in such a hurry to go anywhere that there is even a desire to slow down the rotation of the globe in some scientific way in order to bring it into line with the harmony of Sigur’s music. Ros. This piece is most closely related to the meditative melodies of the early Sigur Ros. And farthest away from them are the topics “Inni Mer Syngur Vitleysingur” and “Vio Spilum Endalaust” absolutely loyal to the radio stations. These tracks are comfortable for any listener of U2 or, say, Arcade Fire, however, in no case, for one small second, do they give a reason to accuse the band of being secondary. The two components of the miracle are the same – the Icelandic language and the voice of Jon Thor Birgisson.
This is the occasion that popular music has been waiting for for years. A purely niche product, amiable only to compatriots and lovers of the exotic, has been converted into a format adequate to the mass taste without losing national identity. Moreover, it is precisely this identity that is perhaps the main secret of success. Sigur Ros, one might say, gave hope to a huge number of local pop idols. It turns out that you can burn people’s hearts by making the most minimal concessions to the unified taste of the international recording market.
Here is the acoustic ballad “Illgresi”. Or the acoustic ballad “Godan Daginn”. And why are they worse than, say, the U2 ballads of the last decade? The comparison is quite fair and legitimate. The execution language does not play any role. The music in these words is the same as in the language of the Irish. And right away, of course, I want to fantasize that in the same way, and even with the support of the musical monster EMI, some artist singing in the language of Pushkin and Gogol could enter the wide operational space of popular musical art. However, this some artist, if he exists, still have to practice. 15 years of commercials, like Sigur Ros. And then he will come out, all in white, and sing at least the whole of Europe his main song. But, like Russian football players, such artists still have to train properly. Or maybe just be born.
Sigur Ros “Meo Suo I Eyrum Vio Spilum Endalaust” (EMI)
“Sunday At Devil Dirt”
Isobel Campbell & Mark Lanegan (V2)
3
Mark Lainegan and Scottish pop singer Isobel Campbell “Ballad Of The Broken Seas” (2006). Mrs. Campbell’s name comes first, of course, a purely gentlemanly act. Mark Lainegan reigns supreme on this disc. And the dark meaty folk that occupies a dozen tracks here is a much more natural habitat for it today than the overloaded alternative rock of another project with his participation – The Gutter Twins. The last album was a warm-up. “Sunday At Devil Dirt” – a blow to the solar plexus. If the first three tracks are just high-class ballads that are not inferior to the best things of Johnny Cash, then the fourth – “Who Built The Road” – is a thing almost stronger than “Where The Wild Roses Grow” by Nick Cave and Kylie Minogue, as well as following ” Come On Over (Turn Me On). ” The Lanegan-Campbell duo are the ones who can reign supreme in 2008’s broken hearts. Catch them together in a moment of heartache – it’s like a medicine. Or a poison that can bring pain to the absolute.
“Dystopia”
Midnight Juggernauts “Dystopia” (EMI)
Music critics seem to have conspired this summer to praise the Melbourne band Midnight Juggernauts. Time Out London calls them a mixture of Tangerine Dream, The Psychedelic Furs and Daft Punk. New Musical Express sees them as a bridge from Bloc Party to Justice. Rolling Stone fantasizes that if Kraftwerk and Faust joined David Bowie during his Berlin period, it would sound like Midnight Juggernauts. The last statement is the most likely to be true, especially if you start your acquaintance with the band from the song “Into The Galaxy”. True, one will immediately have to recall the extremely sociable, adrenaline-filled pop Electric Light Orchestra. And this means that the minor, which is so necessary for the Russian ear, is measured in the records of Midnight Juggernauts in golden proportion to the carefree “disco of mirror balls”. From the point of view of the concentration of influences and trends within one album, Midnight Juggernauts seem to continue, first of all, the tradition of the most progressive and at the same time commercially successful Frenchmen – Daft Punk, Air, Justice. Again the best, beloved – and only for you.
“In Dub We Trust”
Netslov Soundsystem (“Bullfinches”)
Daniil Kalashnik, the parent of the multicultural musical project Netslov, has released a collection of dub-remixes of his band’s compositions under the auspices of the Netslov Soundsystem project. When in 2005 Netslov released the album “Vse svobodny” with the single “33 1/3”, which was rather successful on the radio, it seemed that Mr. Kalashnik was moving towards the mainstream and his experiments with Middle and Far Asian music were left in the past – in pleasant memories about experiments for a narrow audience. “In Dub We Trust” is a sharp turn towards the a priori non-mass style of dub in Russia. This style, in principle, is not distinguished by a special dramatic composition, and even in the Russian version it is rarely able to keep at least some attention of the listener outside the format of sound accompaniment to the everyday life of underground cafes. Dan Kalashnik managed to select for the collection of remixes his most prominent samples, which in themselves do not let you get bored. It turned out such a hysterical Russian dub in a good way – with loud, sometimes even shrill runs of exotic strings, confident sober vocals and synth figures close to conventional pop music.
“Chatterbox”
Galun (“Bullfinches”)
Recording an album with just one voice is not new even in our vastness, it’s enough to recall the recent experiment of Petersburger Kirill Komarov “Sensence”. However, Sergey (Galuna) Galunenko’s “Chatterbox” is the rarest case when a preface regarding the way music is created does not affect its perception in any way. If we simply subtract from the picture the idea that all this majestic, like a Chinese dragon, sound was built only with the help of the vocal cords and the sound-producing talent of the Christmas Tree Toys group, only admiration for the kinetics of the musical construction will remain, which is not inferior to the same Midnight Juggernauts in any drive, not intellect. Surprisingly, for the most part, Galun does not have any text message. The word is present in the track structures as a third-rate service element. At the same time, in some miraculous way, the “life-music” relationship has not been lost, that is, the form in no way admires itself. Intuitively, all these polyphonies, whispers, cries and whistles are perceived as whole stories, and quite a realistic one.
Andrey Stenin International Photojournalism Competition
SAN DONATO MILANESE, May 13 — RIA Novosti, Alexander Logunov. An exhibition of works by the laureates of the 2020 Andrei Stenin International Photojournalism Competition, organized by the Rossiya Segodnya International News Agency under the auspices of the Russian Commission for UNESCO, opens in the city of San Donato Milanese in northern Italy, RIA Novosti correspondent reports.
On Thursday, a press presentation was held with the participation of the mayor of the Milan suburb Andrea Checchi and the curators of the exhibition, who gave the journalists a short tour. It features more than 70 photographs of young photojournalists from around the world who have won this year’s prestigious international competition.
© RIA Novosti, Danilo Garcia Di Meo | Go to photo bank
Opening of the exhibition of the winners of the competition. Andrey Stenin in San Donato Milanese
Danilo Garcia di Meo, winner of the series “Portrait. A Hero of Our Time” and winner of the Grand Prix of the 2016 competition worked at the event. His story “Quatrani. Children of the Earthquake” about young residents of the city of L’Aquila, who were united by the 2009 earthquake that happened in their childhood, became the best among the stories.
In a conversation with RIA Novosti, the photographer admitted that winning the nomination was “unexpected happiness” for him, but this time the “collective nature” of his project added to his joy.
“Last time it was the stories of individuals, now the work is called Quatrani, a word that in the dialect of Aquila means “teenagers”, “guys”. I like to talk about restoration, revenge and ascension, and I decided to shoot them, because many photo series about L’Aquila focused on drama and destruction, and these guys grew up without a city. The basis for their growing up was their friendships, which often turn out to be stronger than blood ties, “said di Meo.
© RIA Novosti, Danilo Garcia Di Meo | Go to photo bank
Opening of the exhibition of the winners of the competition. Andrei Stenin in San Donato Milanese
The exhibition will be available to the public from Friday and will run until June 30. As the Cascina Roma art gallery told the agency, this year, due to coronavirus restrictions, photographic works are exhibited not only indoors, but also in prominent places in the Milan suburbs: in total, six “corners” with photographs are placed on the streets, which are square racks about 3 -4 meters and the height of a man. According to the organizers, in this way the project will “open up to the city” and will allow you to get acquainted with photo stories while walking in the park, on the way from the store or at the street crossing.
Exhibition curator and coordinator of the annual Ethical Photography Festival, Alberto Prina, told a reporter that residents of San Donato Milanese can view almost the entire exhibition outside the gallery, with the exception of a few shots with age restrictions. The most picturesque location for billboards was the shore of the city lake in the local park.
“Each year, these photographs showcase the changing world that is represented here by the diversity of the contestants. In fact, this contest is a snapshot of our world in the real world,” Prina said.
According to him, the street part of the exhibition made it possible to place 73 out of 77 pictures. Thus, the curator noted, photographs will become part of the everyday life of citizens, and a walk around San Donato Milanese can be combined with viewing the exposition. The good weather really allowed a group of journalists to go to view the photo in the “corners” after the presentation in the gallery.
Despite the fact that on Thursday the exhibition opened its doors only to reporters and photographers, local organizers could not keep the first casual visitors out. One of them was an elderly Italian woman, Luigina Degani, who entered the gallery on her way between household chores.
“The exhibition provides an opportunity to look at another world, I probably won’t see these places: India, Russia, Africa – it’s like a trip without an airplane,” she said after leaving one of the first entries in the guest book.
Cascina Roma Gallery hosts the photo exhibition of the winners of the Stenin competition for the second time. Last year, it did not take place; now, due to the pandemic, its opening has been postponed for several months.
The mayor of San Donato Milanese, Andrea Checchi, expressed his opinion that the current exhibition is distinguished by the presence of military themes and attention to portrait photography.
“Another innovation seemed to me to be the recording of events taking place in the world. There are also real masterpieces behind which stories are hidden. The power of the image helps us enter not only the thoughts of the photographer himself, but also the object in the picture,” Kekki told RIA Novosti. He stated that he liked the snowy landscapes and photographs of people “in dramatic moments” the most. “It’s like a punch in the stomach, but it’s in front of such shots that you freeze and start to think,” said the mayor of the Italian town.
© RIA Novosti, Danilo Garcia Di Meo | Go to photo bank
Opening of the exhibition of the winners of the competition. Andrey Stenin in San Donato Milanese
The 2020 competition was attended by young photographers (according to the rules, participants must be no older than 33 years old, Stenin died at this age) from 75 countries, 5 thousand works were submitted. There are four nominations in the competition – “Top News”, “Sports”, “Portrait. A Hero of Our Time” and “My Planet”. Each of the nominations includes single photographs and series, which reflect the most pressing problems – political and military conflicts, migration, environmental problems.
The Andrei Stenin International Photojournalism Competition aims to support young photographers and draw public attention to the challenges of modern photojournalism. This is a platform for young photographers – talented, sensitive and open to everything new, where they draw our attention to people and events around us.
About the Contest
The Andrey Stenin International Photojournalism Competition, organized by the Rossiya Segodnya International News Agency under the auspices of the Russian Commission for UNESCO, aims to support young photographers and draw public attention to the challenges of modern photojournalism. This is a platform for young photographers – talented, sensitive and open to everything new, where they draw our attention to people and events around us.
The general media partners of the contest are: the all-Russian state TV channel “Russia-Culture”, TV channel “Moscow 24”, information and news portal Vesti.Ru.
The international media partners of the competition are: Sputnik news agency and radio, RT TV channel and portal, Askanews news agency, Independent Media media holding, Telam news agency, ANA news agency, Shanghai United Media Group (SUMG), China Daily newspaper internet portal, Internet portal The Paper, Al Mayadeen media network, Prensa Latina news agency.
In the status of industry partners, the competition is supported by: The Union of Journalists of Russia, YOung JOurnalists information portal, Russian Photo portal, Photo-study.ru portal, Academy of Photography photography school, Fotoargenta magazine, New Delhi Photojournalism Club, LF Magazine, Internet All About Photo portal, EYE photography magazine, Artdoc magazine, IPhoto Channel Internet portal, international partner platform PhotON festival.
“Yakuza. Fudo Myoo.”, Prints and Engravings – Alexander Butylin
© 2015 Alexander Butylin
© 2015
© 2015 Alexander Butylin
© 2015 Alexander Butylin
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Original artwork is any work that is considered authentic and not a copy or imitation of the artist’s original work. Original artwork can be any kind of painting, sculpture, performance or other media. There are many types of original media. Mixed media includes oils, acrylics and watercolors. For workshop paintings that testify to craftsmanship, this attribution should be more subtle. While they may be less valuable for a variety of reasons, reproductions and copies have had a huge impact on our experience. They reach a wider audience than the originals and act as an anti-commodification tonic. The original work may also refer to the first work, which always precedes all others. It can also refer to a prototype or model from which other work can be done. Each work is very similar to the original.
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Series “Yakuza” for the project “The Bad Guys” sheet #5 Fudo Myoo. A tribute to Japanese culture. In a series of 6 sheets, each with its own character.
About this work: Classification, Methods & Styles of Linocut …
Series “Yakuza” for the project “The Bad Guys” sheet No. 5 Fudo Myoo. A tribute to Japanese culture. In a series of 6 sheets, each with its own character.
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Alexander Butylin
Russia
Photographs of the Holy Land.
Atelier Bonfils and the Tsangaki brothers
Introduction | Album photos | Herbarium compositions | Literature
O. M. Yastrebova
An unknown pilgrim purchased in Jerusalem an album composed of 18 photographic images of views of the shrines of the three main Middle Eastern faiths and historical sites of Palestine with arrangements of dried flowers and plants on the back. The title on the title page of Photographs of the Holy Land is in three languages: French, English and German. The binding of the album is noteworthy – wooden covers are decorated with carvings and inlays, varnished. On the top cover there is an image of a cross, on the bottom – an inscription in French and Hebrew
languages: “Jerusalem”. The black leather spine bears the English title “Photographs of the Holy Land” in gold embossing.
Top cover
Album pages
Bottom cover
This album was acquired in 2001 by the Department of Manuscripts of the National Library of Russia (code: Eur. s.c. 234, size 22.5 ´31 cm). All photographs in the album, except for one, are signed atelier Bonfils (Bonfils) without initials; it can be seen, as a rule, in one of the darker places in the picture. The photographs are also provided with explanatory annotations, either in French only or in French and English. Each of these signatures has a number, under which, obviously, the negative was described in one of the printed catalogs of this famous photographic studio. The only exception is the first picture of the album, showing the view of Jaffa from the sea: it bears the caption Tsangaki (Zangaki).
Placed on the backs of the sheets, opposite the photographs, the decorative floral paintings have survived surprisingly well, despite the fact that their herbs and flowers were plucked and dried over a century ago.
Landscapes, views with sights and ruins of ancient structures of different eras and civilizations, undoubtedly, were in great demand among tourists visiting the Middle East, among which a special category were pilgrims who rushed to the shrines of Palestine from Europe and from across the ocean. Sellers of various kinds of souvenirs, famous at all times for their ability to guess the tastes and moods of a potential client, quickly realized that appropriately designed collections of photographs of holy places can be a wonderful reminder of the journey, and that any fairly wealthy pilgrim would be happy to bring such a souvenir with him. to the homeland. Often the first image in such albums is the view of Jaffa (modern Jaffa), the seaport from which all newly arrived travelers once began their acquaintance with the Holy Land. It is not uncommon to find albums like ours in various public library collections, as well as online auctions, enclosed in polished olivewood covers. Artistic floral arrangements, placed opposite the photographs, give such albums a special touch of nostalgia and romance.
One enterprising merchant selling carpets, antiques and photographs was Boulos Meo , owner of a shop near the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem. The trading enterprise founded by him lasted more than a century, from 1872 to 1994. All these years the store bore the name of the first owner. His descendant, Rami Meo, emigrated to Australia, where, apparently, he also took a significant family collection of old photographs of Palestine and the Middle East. In the preface to the 2011 Canberra photography exhibition I am Jerusalem, he mentioned the high demand for the Bonfils atelier photographs from the family shop’s customers: “At 19In 76, after the death of Paul Meo, grandson of Boulos Meo, my mother and I took over the management of the business. We revived the store, giving preference to antiques and old books. Among the best-selling items were original lithographs by David Roberts (1796-1864) and photographs by Felix Bonfils (1831-1885). These images, dated back to the founding of Boulos Meo, could only be found in our store…”
It is possible that the album of photographs of the holy places of Palestine acquired by the library was created by the order of the firm of Bulos Meo. Many of these albums bear the name of this store on the title page, such as, for example, a somewhat later album of colorized photographs, stored in the Sector of Russian Funds of the 18th-21st centuries. Department of Manuscripts of the National Library of Russia (F. 341. Collection of Kartavov, No. 823). Although there is no mention of Bulos Meo on the title of our collection of photographs, it can still be assumed that the book was created in the early period of his antique shop.
It should be noted that compositions of dried flowers, similar to those in the published album, were also used by other manufacturers of souvenirs. They can be found, for example, in albums of drawings printed by the first Jerusalem type-lithograph A.-L. Monzon (Abraham-Leib Monsohn). The Department of Prints of the National Library of Russia has one such small album, made by the publishing house A. L. Kahane (Verlag v. A. L. Kahane) for Jewish pilgrims from Europe, as evidenced by the selection of species, the symbolism of flower arrangements (“star of David” instead of a cross), as well as quotations accompanying the herbarium exclusively from the Old Testament in Hebrew.
The album presented here is interesting as a document of the era, an artifact that is part of the pilgrimage and tourist culture of Palestine in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. But he is no less valuable for his photographs, almost all of which are made by one of the largest and most famous ateliers in the Middle East – Maison Bonfils, “The House of Bonfils”.
Its founder Félix Bonfils (Félix Bonfils) was born on March 8, 1831 in Saint-Hippolyte-du-Fort, in the south of France. His original profession was bookbinding, but he soon became interested in photography. In 1860, Bonfils first entered the military service in Lebanon, where he subsequently settled down and in 1867 founded a successful family business – a photographic studio, which lasted until 1918. By 1871, the studio’s collection already consisted of 15,000 album prints made from 590 negatives, which he had taken in various places in the Eastern Mediterranean – in Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Greece. He was also engaged in the creation of stereographic images.
In 1876, the atelier began to publish and distribute catalogs of its photographs, which contributed to the growth of the photographer’s popularity and the distribution of his work throughout the world, right up to the United States of America. In 1878, Bonfils himself selected his best works and published them in a five-volume album, which won a gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris (Bonfils F. Souvenirs d’Orient: Album pittoresque des sites, villes et ruines les plus remarquables de l’Égypte, de la Nubie, de la Palestine, de la Syrie et de la Grèce Alès (Gard): Bonfils, 1878). As a result of tireless work, continued after the death of Felix in 1885 by his wife Lydia and son Adrian, the studio has created one of the most extensive collections of photographic materials illustrating landscapes, “types” and scenes of everyday life in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa.
The studio photographs are of extremely high quality. At that time, negatives were made on glass coated with a collodion emulsion, which has a much lower light sensitivity than modern materials, but its resolution is much higher. The photographs were fixed with egg white, whipping which, probably, the wife of the master, Lydia, spent more than one hour of her life, stating more than once that she could no longer endure the smell of eggs, and, probably, even forbade serving them for breakfast. As modern experts note, there is practically no “grain” in the photographs of the Bonfils studio; with a significant increase, you can see the smallest architectural and landscape details, which is very valuable for modern cultural historians and archaeologists.
Felix Bonfils lived in an era when the Middle East, still retaining its Old Testament archaism and age-old way of life, was already on the verge of great changes that radically changed the appearance of its ancient cities and their inhabitants. The photographer managed to capture this subtle, perhaps even imperceptible to himself, as a contemporary of what is happening, the line. The landscapes depicted in the photographs are often “inhabited”: on them you can see local residents in their everyday clothes, as if by chance, in the frame. So, in front of the entrance to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, we see both local merchants selling pilgrimage souvenirs, and monks and clergy lined up in front of the doors, and on the steps to the right, two gentlemen in European costumes can be seen. The view of Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives is enlivened by two female figures under a sprawling olive tree in the foreground; The main characters of the desert panorama of Jericho are two shepherds guarding a large herd of black goats.
Interestingly, in one of the photos of Bonfils, depicting the Jaffa Gate from the side of the city, you can see a shop sign: “Boulos Meo: Souvenirs of the Holy Landin olive-wood, pearl, at photographs, guide-books, flowers, etc.” (“Boulos Meo: Souvenirs of the Holy Land made of olive wood, pearls, photographs, guidebooks, flowers, etc. ”).
About the Tsangaki brothers , the authors of the photo that opens the album, time has not preserved almost any reliable facts. Their works date back to the 1870s – 1900th years The brothers were Greeks, presumably Cypriots; the most popular and famous is a series of their photographs taken in Egypt.
The publication of the album “Photographs of the Holy Land” makes it possible to scroll through it in its entirety and view the photographs and herbarium compositions that make it up separately. Dried flowers and herbs allow you to directly touch the particle of nature of those places that are depicted in the photographs. In the dedicatory inscription 1922, an unknown owner of the album wrote: “Let the flower patterns, created in the silence of the monastery cell by the skillful hand of a monk, always evoke quiet and sweet dreams of the colorful, bright and fragrant, where there is no place for either vulgarity, or lies, or human malice . .. » .
Introduction | Album photos | Herbarium compositions | Literature
Jaffa Gate from the side of the city.
Source
brnk.ru | meo voto
BRNk.ru is an independent information site for the city of Bryansk and the Bryansk region. The goal is to collect diverse, useful information about the regional center and the region in one place. Anyone can add information about their team, enterprise and just about themselves. New users are highly welcome.
Address: http://brnk.ru/blog/1
Updated: 1 hour 9 minutes ago
New site update in 2015
Thu, 2015-01-29 13:38
So, the update will be so big that I won’t even write here in detail what and how to change. I will limit myself to a quote from the announcement:
Bryansk – an open reference site (guide) is temporarily mothballed.
Attention! A major update of the site is planned for February-March 2015 (the last one was back in 2010). This time, things won’t go so smoothly. Duration: a month and a half. At this time it will be the ability to add new information is disabled . Periodic blocking of the site on a temporary page is possible. At the same time, the content will be cleaned up and, perhaps, the principle of adding information will change, as well as the capabilities of the site and its structure. Partly – the concept, general direction, design. However, all information added up to this point, excluding those that violate the rules of the site, is planned to be left.
During the update, the ability to add new materials (posting comments, posting materials and registering users) is disabled.
more…
View of Bezhitsa from Chashin Kurgan today and 9 years ago
Thu, 2013-01-31 23:08
One could call this post corny “Bryansk through the years” or something about the urban landscape, but there are not so many materials for such a title. A typical cinematic technique (I can think offhand of the Time Machine and the Gangs of New York), when the frame flashes from decades to centuries. Houses, bridges, etc. are being built before our eyes. It looks very impressive.
In my case, it’s not so impressive, fragmentary, but, perhaps, it deserves to be shared.
It so happened that I repeatedly visited the same place (I like to take a walk from the dacha, and those places are almost like a health path), sometimes with a camera (then the cameras on mobile phones were not so cool) and it is the Moscow microdistrict – several changed. At first it seemed funny to take a photo of the same place at different times of the year, then the idea was somewhat forgotten, only the photographs remained, which I present to you.
For a long time I wanted to make such walks along Krasnoarmeiskaya – Obyezdnaya and along Lenin Avenue, but it did not happen. So what is, is. And even in the fact that everything is not as beautiful as it was intended.
more…
Sample 4g from Megafon in Bryansk (Fifty dollars, Bezhitskaya)
Fri, 2013-01-11 14:08
I connected mostly because of interest (Murtazinsky’s digestif is to blame), and also because 3G from Beeline and MTS at the dacha did not impress me.
Choice of two modems: Huawei E392 bar and slightly more advanced but less compatible M150-1.
I poked around the Internet a bit, found out that one of their modems is compatible with my whistling Wi-Fi router UR-702N3G and bought it.
Really works. Really warms up. Noticeably faster than 3g. Problems with connection instability are somewhat less than on 3g. The problem with overheating did not arise due to the fact that it hangs on the window, stuck to the cold glass.
more…
Bryansk front. Just a link for now, let’s see
SR, 2012-08-29 13:22
Bryansk Front.
On August 29, 2012, the first “Bryansk Front” begins its work. The task of the new media format is to break through the information blockade of the Bryansk region and present alternative points of view on events in the politics, economy, and culture of our region.
For many years the Bryansk region has been entangled in a poisonous web of lies. This is because many years ago government propagandists and professional liars found their shelter here. It’s time to give them a fitting rebuff: honest, powerful. Real.
“Bryansk Front” is a knockout blow, a drug of truth and a moment of truth at the same time. We will tell. Let’s show. Let’s help.
And in order to be as intelligible and convincing as possible (we must justify your expectations and our battle motto “300,000 bullets of truth”), we decided that:
1) The circulation of the newspaper is 300,000 copies weekly.
2) Distribution – free of charge, by hand.
3) The Bryansk Front website is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.
4) Your complaints about life, power, the situation in the region – in a special project of special resonant reports “News to Moscow”.
Any opinions? Data? Stories? Rumors? Forecasts? Welcome!
more…
Not a riddle
Sun, 2012-06-03 19:13
Small, gray, chicken. But a member of United Russia and a governor.
Dear persons
Thu, 2012-05-31 22:38
Photo ITAR-TASS
Downloaded DoubleGIS for Bryansk on an Android tablet
Fri, 2012-03-30 17:46
Downloaded the map of Bryansk 2Gis today. on a tablet. On the official website they write that it was released yesterday, 29Martha. The map in the list of cities is dated April 🙂 The map for Android takes about 5 MB, although the link from the site says that 22 MB, I didn’t check it, because I downloaded it through a shell update on the tablet. For a PC, the database takes 10 MB http://download.2gis.ru/arhives/2GISData_Bryansk-1.0.0.msi. Windows Mobile, Symbian and iPhone are also available, as far as I remember, they now have the same database format for all mobile operating systems.
I don’t see the online version yet http://bryansk.2gis.ru/about/online/
News about the release here http://bryansk.2gis.ru/news/1403/
The first release of 2GIS Bryansk is expected in March 2012
Thu, 2012-03-22 01:16
As they write in the created subdomain on the official website of “DoubleGIS” http://bryansk.2gis.ru/
The first release of 2GIS Bryansk is expected in March 2012
3 Waiting for
.
Let me remind you that I myself was interested in this issue a year ago, but it did not work out for various reasons.
See the blog entry http://brnk.ru/node/9067
You can also read the description of the system at the link.Again deuce
Fri, 2012-01-13 14:04
Governors’ evaluation by Internet Media again. Denin has a deuce again. Which is no longer surprising.
True, another thing is strange, for comparison, no less odious personality and no less famous, both for problems in the region (including housing and communal services), and for his sycophancy towards the central government and the course of the party, the Irkutsk Mezentsev is in a completely different category.Election results
Wed, 2011-12-14 19:12
So, I was at Bolotnaya Square in Moscow. By the way, during the rally there they reported that rallies were also being held in Bryansk (and other cities).
Feelings are contradictory, I thought over the past few days everything would settle down and settle down into an intelligible text, but it doesn’t work out, so I write as it is with some recognition.
A little scary, as with any gathering of people (although those who were on Red Square on New Year’s Eve, in general, are not afraid of anything). The general condition of the ram, which is being led, is somewhat annoying, which is typical for any mining. Nice to hear from Akunin and some others. Nemtsov’s hysterical cries were somewhat hasty. In general, it is very inspiring that a variety of political and non-political forces took part in the rally.
Another from the memorable “We believe Gauss, we do not believe Churov” (more on this later) and the phrase that it is not right to say that now there is no one in the political arena except for United Russia, as soon as at the beginning of perestroika the congress of people’s deputies was given television air – new faces immediately appeared in politics.more…
Before the elections
Wed, 2011-11-30 14:37
Let me remind you what I wrote in a note before the 2004 gubernatorial elections.
http://textory.ru/mi/13.11.2004/1Perhaps someone thought that since I didn’t pet a single candidate, now I’ll start calling for voting against everyone or not going to the polls, etc., no, just think again what it is, and what do you expect from the elections, what can be expected from them in general. How it is advised to formulate life goals – formulate your political expectations, if you have them, write them down on a piece of paper, pin programs and appeals here, put them in a secluded place and in five years look specifically at what came out of all this and decide for yourself now and then .
By the way, I wonder if you mirror the above sites, and then review these mirrors in four years, what will be the emotions?
And finally, we add the question: “How will the results of the elections affect your life”? It seems that personally on mine – in any way. Or will they influence?Almost exactly seven years have passed. Retrospectives of pledges made by various parties, most notably PZh&V, can be freely found on the Internet.
The slogan has been hanging in the header of this site for almost a year.more…
Are there secondhand bookshops in Bryansk now?
Tue, 2011-11-29 21:59
In connection with some deepening in the site szfan.ru, I buy thematic books in Moscow and throughout Russia, and so it just dawned on the question:
Are there secondhand bookshops in Bryansk?
On Fokina Street, where Sportmaster (or something like that) was then, but now I don’t remember what it is, there was once one, but now is there anywhere else in the city?
LJ Igor Shpilenok “Blog of a naturalist photographer”
Sat, 2011-11-26 15:17
And Igor Shpilenok’s LJ “Blog of a Naturalist Photographer” shpilenok http://shpilenok. livejournal.com/ is in our overall rating in 10th place.
Now deuce
Mon, 2011-11-14 15:38
The Petersburg Politics Foundation and the Minchenko Consulting Communication Holding measured the ratings of governors. Let me remind you that last time there was a link to the assessment of the Internet Media Agency.
Nikolai Denin
Score (on a 5-point scale) — 2
Strengths (according to the media) –
Weaknesses (according to the media) – Decreased electoral controllability. Criminal case against vice-governor Symonenko. Low rates of socio-economic development
Official results of voting for the United Russia list in regional elections 53.89
Year of birth — 1958
Work experience — 2004
End of term — Oct. Score in the VII rating (27.09.2010) — 3
Score in the VI rating (17.02.2010) — 3
Score in V rating (23.09.2009) — 3
Score in IV rating (13.03.2009) — 3
Score in III rating (28.10. 2008) — 3
Score in II rating (31.03.2008) — 4
Score in I rating (08/13/2007) – 3.Slings in Bryansk sling32.ru
Wed, 2011-11-09 22:16
In general, I am writing this post more out of surprise. Looking through the ranking of the sites of “Business Bryansk” http://bryansk.net.ru/brate.php on occasion, I found a site called “Slings in Bryansk” http://sling32.ru/. I admit, it was useful to look because I didn’t know what it was, slings, and, well, because of the rating that was high enough for a Bryansk site. There is a forum, ordering slings and their delivery. In short, I learned what slings are (Do you know?). And that there is such a site in Bryansk, and, of course, in Runet. With which I congratulate you.
“Accident in Bryansk” – results of publications
Sat, 2011-10-29 15:03
It would be necessary to summarize the numerous publications on the topic. But again, there is neither the strength nor the time.
Therefore, I will give a link to the point of view (as always with reservations – first of all, I support the written text, within this text) I share “Lawyer Zhanna Smal: Journalists incorrectly placed emphasis in the story of the Bryansk accident” http://jourdom. ru /news/9225.
First of all, I would like to once again draw attention to the fact that we have all the state tools for resolving such situations: investigation, bringing to court, you just need to make these institutions work. Here is the point of application, and not in screams and threats. Popular anger, of course, is appropriate in the light of what is happening in the country, but it never adds the truth, especially since it is always catalyzed by biased journalism.Website “Bryansk guide – photo catalog of architectural monuments of the Bryansk region”
Mon, 2011-10-24 18:32
Just now I discovered this site “Bryansk guide – a photo catalog of architectural monuments of the Bryansk region” http://bryanskguide.ru/.
I hope there will be time to look and evaluate in detail. For now, I just recommend, without details.Bryansk which does not exist: these are the notes I like
Tue, 2011-10-18 00:12
Note “Bryansk which does not exist” http://ibryansk. ru/news/konkurs-archive/2011/09/19/bryansk-kotorogo-net….
We are accustomed to perceive only what we see around us, constantly from day to day. As a result, we close ourselves in a small world, which we call our own and consider the only true one. Our city is no exception. The same roads and neighborhoods, buildings and people rush past us on weekdays when we are in a hurry to work or study, the same park paths, cafe tables and luminescent clubs meet us on the weekends. And the city closes for us in a couple of streets and a dozen houses and several hundred familiar and unfamiliar people. But it’s wider. Our city is a whole world, both everyday familiar and hidden from us, and in some places completely unknown.
Surprisingly, it was in August-September that I myself was going to write something like this, albeit on a narrower topic: a bridge over a ravine on Malygin Street and with a ranking of opportunities, prospects, who is to blame and what to do. However, I liked this note much more than my idea, which is very surprising.
more…
Accident in Bryansk is a tragedy for everyone
Tue, 2011-10-11 15:19
Subject officially
http://32.gibdd.ru/news/372/
10/07/2011 at 5:15 pm on Moskovsky Prospekt near house No. 132, the driver of the Volkswagen Passat car, D. born in 1991 (woman), following the third lane, allowed a collision with those crossing the carriageway at an unregulated pedestrian crossing from right to left in the direction of travel S., born in 1982, and young S., born in 2008.
As a result of an accident, a woman with injuries of varying severity was hospitalized in city hospital No. 1, a minor died from her injuries at the scene of an accident.http://32.gibdd.ru/news/374/
The investigation into the tragic accident on Moskovsky Prospekt was taken over personally by the head of the department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the region. Valentin Kuzmin expresses condolences to the families and friends of the victims. The driver who caused the collision will be held accountable for his actions to the fullest extent of the law.more…
Bryansk – “Padenin”: rating of governors of the Russian Federation 2011
Fri, 2011-08-26 13:12
http://www.weekjournal.ru/politics/2080.htm
“Kremlin” rating of governors of the Russian Federation – 2011
Region Governor 2009 2010 2011
Bryansk region Nikolai Denin 3 2 2
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Unique Gateway to Shin Shuoi Ho – Mong Village | DESTINATION
TOURISM
DESTINATION
Shin Shuoi Ho is a Mong village in Laichau Province. Not only is it known as a village where drinking, smoking and gambling is prohibited, but it is also known for its handmade gates, which can’t be found anywhere else.
VIA/Vietnam+
Approximately 30 km from Laichau City, the capital of the northern mountainous Laichau Province, Shin Shuoi Ho, at an altitude of almost 1,500 meters above sea level, is a public tourism village in Phong Tho County, which boasts fresh air and cool weather throughout the year. In the Mong ethnic language, Shin Shuoi Ho means “golden spring”. Arriving here at any time of the year, visitors can enjoy the picturesque scenery and learn the traditional customs of the Mong people, which have been preserved for many generations. Shinsuoi Ho is now a shining light in the development of public tourism, which has helped to significantly improve the living standards of the local population. Not only is it known as a village where drinking, smoking and gambling is prohibited, but it is also known for its handmade gates, which can’t be found anywhere else. (Photo: Vietnam+).
In the past, the people of Shin Shuoi Ho Village made their living exclusively from agriculture. But after 5-6 years of tourism, their mindset and awareness have changed significantly and they have begun to take advantage of local natural resources. Shin Shuoi Ho was designated as a tourist village in 2015. It attracts travelers not only with its breathtaking landscapes, but also with the rich culture of the locals. Currently, 10 out of more than 100 households in the village provide homestay services. Data shows that Shin Shuoi Ho receives about 100,000 visitors annually, both foreign and domestic. Since Shin Shuoi Ho took up public tourism later than many other localities, the villagers were determined to do their part. (Photo: Vietnam+).
Based on this, they decided to create a unique gate to impress visitors from the moment they set foot in the village. In the past, visitors to the village could only enjoy the scenic scenery and local food on day trips. Now they can immerse themselves in the daily activities of the locals, such as farming and gardening. A local resident said that tourists are warmly welcomed to local homes and that they can stay here for weeks or months to gain experience in farming, fruit picking, dumpling making and weaving. Although not all local families take part in public tourism, they still want to create their own mark by making a special gate. (Photo: Vietnam+).
In recent years, the Laichau Mountain Province has promoted public tourism to develop the local economy and improve the living conditions of residents. The diverse cultural identity of various ethnic groups has great potential for tourism development, including community tourism. Under the Laichau Tourism Development Project No. 316 2016-2020, the province is prioritizing the promotion of key tourism products such as public tourism in Laichau City, Phong Tho County, and Tam Duong County. Through their creativity, the people of Shin Shuoi Ho use sustainable materials available in everyday life to build unique gates for their homes. Shin Shuoi Ho was designated as a tourist village in 2015. (Photo: Vietnam+).
Visiting the village, tourists will be surprised by the houses made of wood and rammed earth, made in typical architecture of the Mong ethnic minority. The unique highlight of these houses is the stone fence made by hand. The village is also attractive for vacationers due to its rich cultural and spiritual life, which includes charming love songs and the sounds of the Mong pipes “hen”. In addition, traditional crafts such as brocade embroidery and beeswax patterning on fabrics have survived to this day. Recent resurgence of COVID-19discouraged people from traveling, leaving homes in Shin Shuoi Ho empty. In recent years, Laichau has spent a lot of money from the local budget and encouraged local residents and private investors to develop public tourism. (Photo: Vietnam+)
Between 2017 and 2019, about 350,000 visitors chose this northwestern mountainous province as their holiday destination. Chan Manhung, deputy director of the provincial department of culture, sports and tourism, said the authorities are working to disseminate state policies and local administrations to promote tourism, raise people’s awareness of environmental protection in tourist attractions, and organize tourism training sessions for local residents. A gate with a horizontal crossbar in the form of a machete – a tool closely associated with the agricultural activities of local residents. The Mong people form one of the most populous ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, with a population of over 1 million. In recent years, Laichau mountainous province has promoted public tourism in order to boost the local economy and improve the living conditions of residents. (Photo: Vietnam+).
They mainly live in mountainous areas at an altitude of 1,000 meters or more in the northern region, in the western regions of the central provinces of Thanh Hoa and Nghe An, and in other areas of the Central Highlands. Among the 54 ethnic groups in the country, the Mong community is one of those that still maintain their traditional cultural identity in modern life. Gate with a horizontal bar in the form of an axe. With a special attraction for local and foreign tourists, Shin Shuoi Ho Village has magnificent scenery, fresh air and a cool climate all year round, which is unforgettable for everyone who has ever been here. The diverse cultural identity of various ethnic groups has great potential for tourism development, including community tourism. (Photo: Vietnam+).
The data show that as of December 31, 2018, there were 19,320 Mong ethnic households in Laichau Province, with a population of 106,090 people, which accounted for 23.51% of the local population. They live in 8 district settlements of the region. Phong Tho district, where the village of Sinsuoi Ho is located, had the second largest number of Mongs – more than 21,360 people in 3,950 households. Hang Thi Kua, a local guide, said that this special gate and the culture of the Mong ethnic group is a source of pride for local tourism. In 2015, Shinsuoi Ho was designated as a public tourism village. According to village leader Wang Ah Chin, there used to be a lot of drug addicts in Shin Shuoi Ho. However, since 2005, the number of drug addicts has gradually decreased, and now there are no drug addicts in the village thanks to the development of public tourism. From a poor village, local households have greatly increased their income through the development of tourism and the sale of local products such as orchids, cardamom, brocade, rattan and bamboo products. (Photo: Vietnam+)
Gate with a horizontal crossbar in the form of a machete. Shin Shuoi Ho in Mong means “golden spring”, conjuring up the image of a small peaceful village full of fruit trees with waterfalls and streams whispering all night and day. Its rich cultural and spiritual life also attracts tourists. The most special of these are traditional festivals such as Le Myng Lua Moi (New Rice Festival) and Gau Tao Festival, the Mong people’s most important festival, held in early spring to express their gratitude to Heaven and Earth, pray for good luck and happiness in the new year. Among the 54 ethnic groups in the country, the Mong community is one of those that still maintain their traditional cultural identity in modern life. (Photo: Vietnam+)
A girl in traditional Mong women’s costume poses for a photograph at a plow-shaped gate in Shin Shuoi Ho. Women in the village still wear and weave traditional linen clothing. With rich and varied natural and human resources, Shin Shuoi Ho has proven to be a magnet for both local and foreign tourists. Out of more than 100 households in the village, 10 provide homestay services. Although the village started tourism only a few years ago, this place has become a bright spot for social tourism in Laichau province due to the methodical, conscientious and professional attitude of the local people. Village head Wang Ah Chin said that the people of Shin Shuoi Ho are very happy when visitors come to their village and experience the life and culture of the Mong people. (Photo: Vietnam+)
Arriving in the village, travelers will be surprised by the houses made of wood and rammed earth with typical architectural features of the Mong ethnic minority. The unique highlight of these houses is the stone fence made by hand. This design creates a durable home that is cool in summer and warm in winter. At present, dozens of traditional houses have been preserved in Shin Shuoi Ho, creating an enchanting scenery that adds to the surrounding magnificent scenery. Tourism has become a significant source of income, helping to improve the living standards of the local population. Therefore, the villagers are unanimous in the development of this green industry. With the support of the local administration, they renovated their houses to welcome visitors. Currently, Shin Shuoi Ho can accommodate more than 100 tourists per day at prices ranging from VND 70,000 to VND 100,000 per person per night. (Photo: Vietnam+)
On average, it receives about 100,000 visitors, both domestic and foreign, annually. Each foreign visitor spent an average of 1.6 days here, while local visitors spent 1.75 days. In addition to enjoying the scenic scenery and local cuisine, travelers can immerse themselves in daily activities such as farming, gardening, dumpling making, and weaving. Locals raise pigs and chickens themselves, and grow vegetables to serve tourists. Since Shin Shuoi Ho has been recognized as a public tourism village, a market has been established there to serve tourists. Local pensioners said that earlier there was no market in the Shin Shuoi Ho community, where the village is located. To buy goods, people had to go to the center of Muongko community (Fongtho County) or Santhang market (Laichau city) 20-30 km away. So they decided to build a market that could serve as a place for locals to trade goods and also attract more tourists. The market is held every Saturday and sells mainly farm products and traditional costumes of ethnic minority groups. (Photo: Vietnam+).
Thanks to the development of tourism and the cultivation of orchids, each local farm can earn from 30 to 50 million VND per year. The land where opium was grown in the past prospered with more than a thousand pots of orchids, peach trees, “tao meo” (“tao” means apple, and “meo” is a Mongino minority word), 10 homestays and restaurants . In order to better serve tourists, the village plans to produce traditional Mong-style all-natural products such as shampoo, soap, hand sanitizer, dishwashing liquid and bath medicines. The orchid garden owner said that locals are decorating their homes and expanding cymbidium orchid gardens to welcome tourists, and that the local authorities are also supporting them to make tourism more professional. (Photo: Vietnam+)
All the residents of Shin Shuoi Ho know that the main attraction of their village is the preserved cultural identity of the Mong ethnic group. The Mong people form one of the most populous ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, with a population of over 1 million. The data shows that as of December 31, 2018, there were 19,320 Mong ethnic households in Laichau Province, with a population of 106,090 people, which accounted for 23.51% of the local population. They live in 8 district settlements of the region. In the Phong Tho area, where the village of Shin Shuoi Ho is located, there was the second largest number of Mongs – more than 21,360 people in 3.950 households. Not only is it known as a village where drinking, smoking and gambling is prohibited, but it is also known for its handmade gates, which can’t be found anywhere else. (Photo: Vietnam+).
Bird’s-eye view of Shin Shuoi Ho village. Approximately 30 km from the city of Laichau, the capital of the northern mountainous province of Laichau, at an altitude of almost 1,500 meters is a village that boasts fresh air and cool weather all year round.