How to make a handheld windmill: How to Make Paper Windmill 2023

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Build A Windmill – Little Bins for Little Hands

Traditionally windmills were used on farms to pump water or grind grain. Today’s windmills or wind turbines can use the wind’s energy to generate electricity. Find out how to make your own windmill at home or in the classroom from paper cups and a straw . All you need are a few simple supplies to get started. We love fun, hands-on STEM projects for kids!

PAPER WINDMILL CRAFT FOR KIDS

HOW DOES A WINDMILL WORK?

Wind power has been around for a long time. You may have seen windmills on farms. When the wind turns the blades of a windmill, it spins a turbine inside a small generator to produce electricity.

A windmill on a farm only makes a small amount of electricity. To make enough electricity to serve lots of people, utility companies build wind farms with a large number of wind turbines.

ALSO CHECK OUT: How To Make A Water Wheel

Wind power is an alternative energy source, considered to be ‘clean energy’ as nothing is burned to provide the energy. They are wonderful for the environment!

YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: Weather Activities For Kids

STEM ACTIVITIES FOR KIDS

So you might ask, what does STEM actually stand for? STEM is science, technology, engineering, and math. The most important thing you can take away from this, is that STEM is for everyone!

Yes, kids of all ages can work on STEM projects and enjoy STEM lessons.  STEM activities are great for group work, too!

STEM is everywhere! Just look around.  The simple fact that STEM surrounds us is why it’s so important for kids to be a part of, to use and to understand STEM.

From the buildings you see in town, the bridges that connect places, the computers we use, the software programs that go with them, and to the air we breathe, STEM is what makes it all possible.

Interested in STEM plus ART? Check out all our STEAM Activities!

Engineering is an important part of STEM. What is engineering in kindergarten, preschool, and first grade? 

Well, it’s putting together simple structures and other items and in the process learning about the science behind them. Essentially, it’s a whole lot of doing!  Learn more about what is engineering.

Grab this FREE Engineering Challenge Calendar today!

HOW TO BUILD A WINDMILL

Want printable instructions for how to build a windmill? It’s time to join the Library Club!

SUPPLIES:

  • 2 small paper cups
  • Bendable straw
  • Toothpick
  • Scissors
  • 4 pennies
  • Tape

INSTRUCTIONS

STEP 1: Draw a dot in the center of each cup.

STEP 2: Poke a hole in each cup with toothpick.

STEP 3: Make one hole large enough to place your bendable straw into the cup.

STEP 4: Tape the 4 pennies inside the cup with the straw, to weigh it down a bit.

STEP 5: Cut slits around the second cup about 1/4 inch apart.

STEP 6: Fold down each strip you cut, to open up your windmill

STEP 7: Place a toothpick inside the windmill cup and then insert the toothpick into the end of the bendable straw.

STEP 8: Blow on, or spin your windmill and watch it go!

MORE FUN THINGS TO BUILD

Build your own mini hovercraft that actually hovers.

Be inspired by famous aviator Amelia Earhart and design your own paper plane launcher.

Make your own paper Eiffel tower with only tape, newspaper and a pencil.

Make this super simple water wheel at home or in the classroom from paper cups and a straw.

Build A ShuttleBuild A SatelliteBuild A HovercraftAirplane LauncherMake A BookBuild A Winch

HOW TO MAKE A WINDMILL

Click on the image below or on the link for more fun engineering activities for kids.

Grab this FREE Engineering Challenge Calendar today!

Create a Moving Windmill Project

William Kamkwamba Builds a Windmill

The Windmill that William Kamkwamba Built

I was inspired to write this post after reading the story, The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind. This is the true story of a young boy named William Kamkwamba. He lived in a poor farming village in Africa named Malawi. William was a dreamer. He always thought of making new things out of recyclable materials. He was constantly wondering about how things worked.

In 2020, things when drastically wrong for his small village. Due to lack of fertilizer, heavy rains, and then a drought, people in Malawi started to starve. William was determined to do something to help his family. He looked at pictures and diagrams in science books that he got from the library. It was then that he learned about wind energy. He wanted to build a windmill, so his family could have electricity and use it to pump water for their crops.

Even though people thought he was crazy, he persevered. He went to the scrap yard many times. He experimented with things he found, and finally build a windmill prototype. Once he knew it would work, he went on to build a much bigger one. He used a bicycle, a tractor fan, bottle caps, and more. His windmill worked!

A man named, Dr. Mchazime, saw it and was impressed. After talking to William, he arranged for William to go to school and to a conference in the United States to share his ideas.

You can watch this video to hear William tell his story.

This story comes as a picture book, in a young readers’ edition, and in an adult version. The picture book can be found on YouTube as well. There is also a full-length movie on Netflix. I created a study guide for the young readers’ edition.

A Windmill Versus a Wind Turbine

Students need to know some basics about windmills and/or wind turbines before they build one.

Windmills have been around for over a thousand years. They produce energy from the wind when the blade rotates continuously. This moves a motor that does some mechanical work, like lift something. William’s turbine raised water. Windmills can also produce electricity. Windmills typically had four blades.

Wind turbines also use wind energy. The term wind turbine became popular in the 1970s when gas and oil prices started to rise. Much research and development were done then. This research and development show that three blades are optimal. Wind turbines generate electrical energy.

Today, the terms windmill and wind turbine are often used interchangeably by people.

Parts of a Windmill or Wind Turbine

To create a windmill, students must first know about its parts.

  • the tower or shaft that hold the blades above the ground
  • the blades that catch the wind
  • an axle or hub which allows the blades to spin
  • a generator that produces electricity

Creating a Windmill or Wind Turbine

Pinwheel

For young children, the easiest project for them to see how the blades of a windmill catch the wind is to make a pinwheel. Click in the pinwheel for some simple directions.

Create a Wind Turbine #1

This is activity is great fun to do in upper elementary science class or in your STEM lab! One teacher told me. “My students absolutely loved this. This may have been their favorite part of our unit.” Follow the directions below.

Create a Wind Turbine # 2

This project is best for middle school students. This video shows them how to build a windmill that lifts something. The video moves quickly. Students will need to pause the directions as they build. Here is a list of materials you will need:

  • cardboard – 9×9″ and 6×6″
  • disposable cups
  • thin dowels
  • tape
  • fan
  • scissors, ruler, compass or round object

Or course, you can encourage students to experiment with different numbers of blades, sizes of blades, and even make their own windmills out of recycled materials as William did!

Students can also research wind turbines to see the different types that exist today. They can also read about the advantages and disadvantages of renewable and nonrenewable energy forms.

Have fun learning!

Sarah

how to make a homemade device for 220 V (Volt) for a private house yourself, and drawing, conditions and simple manufacturing instructions

Contents

  • 1 Legality: how powerful a device can be made?
  • 2 Varieties
    • 2.1 Efficient rotary plant for a private house: what can be assembled from?
      • 2.1.1 Advantages and disadvantages of the rotary wind turbine
    • 2.2 Single-phase and three-phase
  • 3 Generated voltage ratings for 220 volts (V)
  • 4 Predictive power calculator
  • 5 Starting stage of manufacturing at home: how to make it yourself?
    • 5.1 Instructions for assembling an axial wind turbine with neodymium magnets: how to assemble it yourself?
    • 5.2 How to place and fix the magnets?
    • 5.3 Rules for winding the spool
    • 5. 4 Final assembly of the device
  • 6 Drawing of a simple working DIY
  • 7 What does a homemade masterpiece consist of?
    • 7.1 Propeller
    • 7.2 Generator
    • 7.3 Mast

Some natural phenomena can be excellent sources for generating alternative electricity. Wind powered generators are quite practical and not very difficult to build even at home. Therefore, in this article we will consider how to build a wind generator for our own needs at home, what materials and tools we will need.

Legality: How powerful can a device be made?

Manufacture and installation of a homemade wind turbine is not subject to administrative or criminal penalties if its power is not more than 5 kW. Also, the taxation of electricity produced is not provided, since its resources are spent on household needs at home.

For the same reason, does not require approval from the local energy company to install a wind turbine. However, before manufacturing a windmill, you should check the presence or absence of restrictive subjects and municipal regulations.

Also, questions may arise from neighbors who may experience inconvenience associated with the operation of the windmill. Therefore, if you are going to create a wind turbine, then you need to pay attention to parameters such as:

  1. Mast height. There are some sort of restrictions on the height of these buildings. For example, a building with a height of more than 15 meters cannot be installed near bridges, airports and tunnels.
  2. Noise from gearbox and blades. It is necessary that these characteristics do not exceed noise regulations. The parameters of the generated noise can be recorded using a specialized device, it is better to document the readings.
  3. Radio interference. Some windmills can cause tele-interference, so it is better to provide protection against them.
  4. Environmental claims. These organizations may prevent the operation of a windmill if it interferes with the migration of migratory birds. But, since the height of homemade windmills is usually small, this problem will not arise.

Varieties

According to the location of the generator, this unit can be:

  1. Horizontal design. In this device, the axis of rotation is parallel to the ground, and the plane of the blades is perpendicular. This allows free rotation around a vertical axis.

    The principle of operation of vertical generators is to change the direction of the wind, which affects the tail plane, so the axis of rotation of the generator will be located along the air flow vector.

    Attention! A problem with the use of horizontal generators is the connection of power cables, as the wires can wind around the mast and break. However, this problem can also be solved by setting a limiter.

  2. Vertical design. In this version, the axis of rotation of the shaft is perpendicular to the ground, which allows the device not to depend on the direction of the wind. The advantage of this installation is that its drawings are freely available from the technical literature. The generator itself does not require the installation of rotation limiters, as in horizontal structures.

Efficient rotary unit for a private house: what can be assembled?

This type of installation is designed to provide electricity to a garden house, outbuildings and highlight the territory at night. For the manufacture of a rotary wind turbine with a maximum power of 1.5 kW, a number of devices will be required:

  • 12 V generator;
  • 12 V helium or acid battery;
  • 12 V semi-hermetic switch-button;
  • converter 700 → 1500 W and 12 → 220 V;
  • automotive charge or battery charging warning lamp relay;
  • voltmeter;
  • grinder or metal shears;
  • drill.

In addition you will need:

  • large volume stainless steel or aluminum container;
  • bolts with nuts and washers;
  • wires 4 mm 2 and 2.5 mm 2 ;
  • clamps for fixing the generator on the mast;
  • pencil or marker;
  • tape measure, wire cutters, drill, wrenches, screwdriver.
Advantages and disadvantages of the rotary windmill model

The advantages of the rotary wind turbine model are:

  • efficiency;
  • elements are easily replaceable and can be easily repaired in case of breakage;
  • lack of special working conditions;
  • reliability in operation;
  • is fairly quiet.

There are also disadvantages:

  • wind turbine performance is not very large;

    • The

  • wind generator is highly dependent on sudden gusts of wind, which can even cause the propeller to stall.

Single-phase and three-phase

  • Single-phase type generators vibrate when loaded due to the difference in current amplitude.
  • Three-phase generators do not emit vibration vibrations, which increases the acoustic comfort during their operation. This allows the generator to work almost silently, besides, the less vibration, the longer it will last.

As you can see, when comparing both types of generators, the three-phase type has the best characteristics.

220 Volt (V) generated voltage ratings

Homemade 220 V wind turbines do not need additional voltage converters. However, their operation depends on the strength of the wind, so the installation of a stabilizer at the outlet is required. After all, if there is no wind, the generator will not work. Homemade windmills use powerful electric motors, thanks to which you can install a screw by attaching it directly to the rotor shaft.

A powerful electric motor can not be purchased for a lot of money, but already used from a decommissioned electrical installation, washing machine or vacuum cleaner.

Also you can make wind turbines based on a car generator complete with a voltage converter . The output produces 12 or 14 volts necessary to power the power system. Such designs can be used both as a direct connection and in automotive mode. For example, taking power directly from the battery terminals.

Calculator for calculating the predicted power

Theoretically, the power of a wind generator is calculated by the formula:

N=p*S*V 3 /2

  • N – air flow power;
  • p is the density of air masses;
  • S – the total blown area of ​​the propeller blades;
  • V – air flow rate.

The starting stage of making at home: how to make it yourself?

The initial production phase of a wind turbine consists of the following:

  1. We divide a large cylindrical metal container into 4 equivalent parts using a tape measure and a pencil.

    Boilers, buckets or pans can be used as a metal container.

  2. Then, along the marked lines, we cut out the future blades with a grinder, without cutting them through to the end.
  3. Let’s get down to work on altering the alternator pulley. To do this, at the bottom of the pan and in the pulley, it is necessary to mark and make symmetrical holes into which the bolts will be screwed.
  4. Depending on the direction in which the wind generator will rotate, we bend the blades.
  5. We fix a bucket with blades on the pulley.
  6. We attach the generator to the mast, fixing it with clamps, then we attach the wires and assemble the circuit.

    Attention! When assembling the circuit, it is imperative that the connection diagram, wire colors and pin markings be recorded in writing.

  7. We fix the wires on the generator mast.
  8. When connecting the battery, we use 1 meter of wire with a cross section of 4 mm². This type of wire can also be used to install the converter.

Instructions for assembling an axial wind turbine on neodymium magnets: how to assemble it yourself?

Neodymium wind turbine is an axial wind generator with iron-free stators. A hub from an old car with brake discs can be used as the basis of an axial generator. It must be disassembled, thoroughly cleaned and lubricated bearings. Then the generator should be painted.

How do I place and secure the magnets?

Distribution and fixing of magnets is carried out in several stages:

  1. The 25x8mm magnets are placed using the pole alternation method, i.e. opposing magnets must have opposite poles. To do this, you can prepare a hint template or apply sectors directly to the disk, as well as mark the magnets themselves with minus or plus signs.
  2. To fix the magnets, you need to use a well-fixing glue. For even more holding power, you can use epoxy resin, which can be poured over the entire disc.

    Before applying the epoxy, it is better to lubricate the mold with petroleum jelly, wax or products based on them so that it does not stick to the mold.

    Reel winding rules

    1. Winding can be carried out both manually and with the help of a special machine.
    2. Round spools can be pulled out slightly to straighten the coils. But it is important that they are slightly larger than magnets or the same size as them.
    3. When using coarse wire to wind the coils, the current will increase and the resistance will decrease.
    4. The mold for the stator can be made from plywood and the sectors for the coils marked on it. Plasticine or film can serve as a border. Fiberglass applied over the coils will increase the strength of the structure.
    5. A stator increased by the number of turns in the coils can reduce the magnetic flux. This will cause less current to be delivered to the output.
    6. The coils are fixed to each other in a stationary state, bringing the ends of the phases out. These wires must be connected in a star or delta connection.

    Final assembly of device

    The mast should be about 6-12 meters long with a concrete base and a wind turbine attached to its top. At the base of the mast, you need to mount a special mount for raising and lowering the pipe using a hand winch. It will come in handy in the event of a windmill breakdown.

    For the manufacture of the screw we use a PVC pipe with a diameter of 160 mm and a length of 2 meters. In total, 6 blades will be cut out of the pipe. The propeller must be protected from strong winds using a folding tail.

    Drawing of a simple working homemade

    Next, you can see the drawing of the wind turbine:

    What does a homemade masterpiece consist of?

    The design of the wind generator is the same, regardless of the model chosen, and it includes the following elements:

    • propeller;
    • generator;
    • inverter / voltage regulator / stabilizer;
    • buffer element;
    • mast.

    Propeller

    Propellers can be made from the following materials:

    • plastic bottles;
    • water cooler;
    • aluminum sheets;
    • cans or steel drums.

    Generator

    Generators are usually used ready-made from old electrical appliances. For example, an automobile or electric motor from household appliances. You can also try to assemble the generator manually. Here are some examples:

    • wind generator with neodymium magnets;
    • sort out the rotor of any generator;
    • custom design with windings.

    Mast

    The strength of the mast determines how long the entire structure will last. A mast 12–15 meters high will require guy wires and counterweights, as such a tall structure is hard to hold on to and even a strong wind can topple it. If the height of the mast is lower, then the weight of the structure will not be so heavy and no additional measures will be required.

    In conclusion, we can say that wind generators are not very complex in design, and they can be made at home. They are perfect for windy regions where the conditions created by nature will pay off electricity bills.

How to make a 220V vertical wind generator for your home with your own hands

Electricity is steadily rising in price. To feel comfortable outside the city in hot summer weather and a frosty winter day, you need to either spend a lot of money or look for alternative energy sources. Russia is a huge country with large flat areas. Although slow winds prevail in most of our regions, strong and violent air currents blow over the sparsely populated area. Therefore, the presence of a wind generator in the farm of the owner of suburban real estate is most often justified. The appropriate model is chosen based on the area of ​​application and the actual purpose of use.

Contents

  • 1 Windmill #1 – Rotary Type Design

    • 1. 1 Preparing Parts and Consumables

    • 1.2 Design Progress

    • 1.3 Advantages and disadvantages of this model

  • 2 Windmill #2 – Axial design with magnets

    • 2.1 What needs to be prepared?

    • 2.2 Distribution and attachment of magnets

    • 2.3 Three-phase and single-phase generators

    • 2.4 Coil winding process

    • 2.5 Final stage – mast and screw

      • 9001 3

    Wind Turbine #1 – Rotary Type Design

    You can make a simple rotary type wind turbine yourself . Of course, he is unlikely to be able to supply electricity to a large cottage, but it is quite possible to provide electricity to a modest garden house. With it, you can supply light in the evening to outbuildings, illuminate garden paths and the local area.

    More information about other types of alternative energy sources can be found in this article: https://aqua-rmnt. com/otoplenie/alt_otoplenie/alternativnye-istochniki-energii.html hands. As you can see, there is nothing super complicated in the design of this equipment

    Preparation of parts and consumables

    To assemble a wind generator with a power not exceeding 1.5 kW, we will need:

    • car alternator 12 V;
    • acid or gel battery 12 V;
    • converter 12V – 220V to 700 W – 1500 W;
    • large container made of aluminum or stainless steel: bucket or cauldron;
    • automotive battery charging relay and charge control lamp;
    • 12 V push button semi-hermetic switch;
    • voltmeter from any unnecessary measuring device, can be automotive;
    • bolts with washers and nuts;
    • wires 2.5 mm 2 and 4 mm 2 ;
    • two clamps to secure the generator to the mast.

    To complete the work, we will need metal scissors or a grinder, a tape measure, a marker or a construction pencil, a screwdriver, keys, a drill, a drill, wire cutters.

    Most owners of private houses do not recognize the use of geothermal heating, but such a system has promise. You can read more about the advantages and disadvantages of this complex in the following article: https://aqua-rmnt.com/otoplenie/alt_otoplenie/geotermalnoe-otoplenie-doma-svoimi-rukami.html

    Design progress

    We are going to make a rotor and remake the alternator pulley. To get started, we need a metal container of a cylindrical shape. Most often, a pot or bucket is adapted for these purposes. Take a tape measure and a marker or construction pencil and divide the container into four equal parts. If we cut metal with scissors, then in order to insert them, you must first make holes. You can also use a grinder if the bucket is not made of painted tin or galvanized steel. In these cases, the metal will inevitably overheat. Cut out the blades without cutting through them to the end.

    In order not to be mistaken with the dimensions of the blades that we cut in the tank, it is necessary to make careful measurements and carefully count everything

    In the bottom and in the pulley, we mark and drill holes for the bolts. At this stage, it is important to take your time and arrange the holes symmetrically to avoid imbalance during rotation. The blades should be bent, but not too much. When performing this part of the work, we take into account the direction of rotation of the generator. It usually rotates in a clockwise direction. Depending on the angle of the bend, the area of ​​influence of wind flows increases, and, therefore, the speed of rotation.

    This is another blade option. In this case, each part exists separately, and not as part of the container from which

    was cut out Since each of the windmill blades exists separately, each one must be screwed. The advantage of this design is its increased maintainability

    The bucket with finished blades should be fixed to the pulley using bolts. We install the generator on the mast using clamps, then we connect the wires and assemble the circuit. It is better to rewrite the diagram, wire colors and contact markings in advance. The wires also need to be fixed on the mast.

    To connect the battery, use wires 4 mm 2 , the length of which should not exceed 1 meter. We connect the load (electrical appliances and lighting) using wires with a cross section of 2.5 mm 2 . Do not forget to put the converter (inverter). It is connected to the network to contacts 7.8 with a 4 mm wire 2 .

    The design of the wind turbine consists of a resistor (1), generator starter winding (2), generator rotor (3), voltage regulator (4), reverse current relay (5), ammeter (6), battery (7), fuse ( 8), switch (9)

    Advantages and disadvantages of this model

    If everything is done correctly, this wind generator will work without creating problems for you. With a 75A battery and a 1000 W converter, it can power street lighting, burglar alarms, video surveillance devices, etc.

    The scheme of the installation clearly demonstrates exactly how wind energy is converted into electricity and how it is used for its intended purpose

    The advantages of such a model are obvious: it is a very economical product, it can be easily repaired, it does not require special conditions for its operation, it works reliably and does not interfere with your acoustic comfort. The disadvantages include low productivity and significant dependence on strong gusts of wind: the blades can be torn off by air currents.

    It is possible to make a solar battery yourself. Step-by-step instructions are located here: https://aqua-rmnt.com/otoplenie/alt_otoplenie/solnechnaya-batareya-svoimi-rukami.html

    Windmill #2 – axial design on magnets Until recently, Russia was not made due to the inaccessibility of the latter. But now they are in our country, and they are cheaper than originally. Therefore, our craftsmen began to manufacture wind turbines of this type.

    Over time, when the capabilities of a rotary wind generator no longer meet all the needs of the farm, it is possible to make an axial model on neodymium magnets

    What needs to be prepared?

    The axial generator is based on a hub from a car with brake discs. If this part was in operation, it must be disassembled, the bearings checked and lubricated, rust cleaned off. The finished generator will be painted.

    For a thorough rust removal of the hub, use a metal brush that can be attached to an electric drill. The hub will look great again

    Positioning and fixing the magnets

    We are going to glue the magnets onto the rotor disks. In this case, 20 magnets with a size of 25x8mm are used. If you decide to make a different number of poles, then use the rule: in a single-phase generator there must be as many poles as there are magnets, and in a three-phase generator, the ratio of 4/3 or 2/3 poles to coils must be observed. Magnets should be placed by alternating poles. To ensure that their location is correct, use a template with sectors printed on paper or on the disc itself.

    If possible, it is better to use rectangular magnets rather than round ones, because round ones have a magnetic field concentrated in the center, and rectangular ones along their length. The opposing magnets must have different poles. In order not to confuse anything, use a marker to put “+” or “-” on their surface. To determine the pole, take one magnet and bring others to it. Put plus on attracting surfaces, and minus on repulsive ones. On the disks, the poles must alternate.

    The magnets are correctly placed. Before fixing them with epoxy, it is necessary to make plasticine sides so that the adhesive mass can harden, and not glass on the table or floor. It is filled with magnets. To prevent the resin from spreading, you can make plasticine borders or simply wrap the disc with tape.

    Three-phase and single-phase generators

    A single-phase stator is worse than a three-phase one, because it vibrates when loaded. This is due to the difference in the amplitude of the current, which occurs due to its non-constant return for a moment in time. The three-phase model does not suffer from this disadvantage. The power in it is always constant, because the phases compensate for each other: if the current drops in one, it increases in the other.

    In a dispute between single-phase and three-phase options, the latter comes out the winner, because the additional vibration does not extend the life of the equipment and irritates the ear

    As a result, the output of the three-phase model is 50% higher than that of the single-phase model. Another advantage of the absence of unnecessary vibration is the acoustic comfort when working under load: the generator does not hum during its operation. In addition, vibration always puts the wind generator out of action before the expiration of its service life.

    The process of winding coils

    Any specialist will tell you that careful calculation must be made before winding coils. And any practitioner will do everything intuitively. Our generator will not be too fast. We want the 12 volt battery to start charging at 100-150 rpm. With such initial data, the total number of turns in all coils should be 1000-1200 pieces. It remains to divide this figure by the number of coils and find out how many turns there will be in each.

    To make the wind turbine more powerful at low speed, the number of poles must be increased. In this case, the frequency of current oscillations in the coils will increase. For winding coils, it is better to use a thick wire. This will reduce the resistance, which means that the current will increase. It should be noted that at high voltage, the current may be “eaten” by the resistance of the winding. A simple homemade machine will help you quickly and accurately wind high-quality coils.

    The stator is marked, the coils are in place. For their fixation, epoxy resin is used, the runoff of which is again resisted by plasticine bumpers

    Due to the number and thickness of the magnets placed on the disks, generators can vary considerably in performance. To find out what power to expect as a result, you can wind one coil and scroll it in the generator. To determine future power, you should measure the voltage at certain speeds without load.

    For example, at 200 rpm, 30 volts is obtained with a resistance of 3 ohms. We subtract from 30 volts the battery voltage of 12 volts, and divide the resulting 18 volts by 3 ohms. The result is 6 amps. This is the volume that will go to the battery. Although in practice, of course, it turns out less due to losses in the diode bridge and in the wires.

    Most often, coils are made round, but it is better to stretch them out a little. At the same time, there is more copper in the sector, and the turns of the coils are straighter. The diameter of the inner hole of the coil should match the size of the magnet or be slightly larger than it.

    Preliminary tests of the resulting equipment are carried out, which confirm its excellent performance. Over time, this model can also be improved.

    When making a stator, keep in mind that its thickness must correspond to the thickness of the magnets. If the number of turns in the coils is increased and the stator is made thicker, the interdisk space will increase and the magnetic flux will decrease. As a result, the same voltage can be generated, but less current due to the increased resistance of the coils.

    Plywood is used as a mold for the stator, but you can mark sectors for coils on paper, and make borders from plasticine. The strength of the product will increase the fiberglass placed on the bottom of the mold and on top of the coils. The epoxy must not stick to the mold. To do this, it is lubricated with wax or petroleum jelly. For the same purpose, you can use a film or tape. The coils are fixed to each other motionlessly, the ends of the phases are brought out. Then all six wires are connected by a triangle or a star.

    The generator assembly is tested using hand rotation. The resulting voltage is 40 volts, while the current strength is approximately 10 amperes.

    Final step – mast and screw

    The actual height of the finished mast was 6 meters, but it would be better to make it 10-12 meters. The base for it needs to be concreted. It is necessary to make such a fastening so that the pipe can be raised and lowered using a hand winch. A screw is attached to the top of the pipe.

    PVC pipe is a reliable and fairly light material, which can be used to make a windmill propeller with a predetermined bend. A six-blade two-meter screw is to be cut out of it. It makes sense to experiment with the shape of the blades in order to increase the torque at low revs.